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Objective To investigate the correlation between preoperative MRI signs and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in breast cancer, and to provide reference for the prediction of VEGF. Methods The preoperative MRI of 73 patients with breast cancer was retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into VEGF over expression (28) and VEGF low expression (45) groups. Clinicopathological and preoperative MR data of the two groups were analyzed by univariate analysis, and a multivariate diagnostic model was established by logistic regression equation. Independent predictors of the model for the diagnosis of VEGF in breast cancer were calculated. Results The results of univariate analysis showed that the expression of VEGF in breast cancer was closely related to the molecular subtype, histological grade and lymph node metastasis of breast cancer (P<0.05). The expression of VEGF was not correlated (P>0.05) with the type of tumor, apparent diffusion coefficient value and time signal curve, but was closely related to tumor diameter, ring enhancement, intratumoral hyperintensity and peritumoral edema (P<0.05). Multivariate logistic :regression analysis showed that histological classification (OR=I0.296, P=0.005), peripheral rim enhancement {OR=I0.819, P=0.030), and peritumoral edema (OR= 15.297, P=0.012) were independent predictors of VEGF in breast cancer (Hosmer-Lemeshow X²=S.224, P=0.733). Conclusion The expression of VEGF is closely related to many malignant biological behaviors of breast cancer. Preoperative MRI sign of peripheral rim enhancement and peritumoral edema can be independent predictor of VEGF expression in breast cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]