1. Hereditary Transthyretin Amyloidosis: How to Differentiate Carriers and Patients Using Speckle-Tracking Echocardiography.
- Author
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Di Lisi, Daniela, Brighina, Filippo, Manno, Girolamo, Comparato, Francesco, Di Stefano, Vincenzo, Macaione, Francesca, Damerino, Giuseppe, Di Caccamo, Leandro, Cannizzo, Noemi, Ortello, Antonella, Galassi, Alfredo R., and Novo, Giuseppina
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SPECKLE tracking echocardiography , *CARDIAC amyloidosis , *GLOBAL longitudinal strain , *TRANSTHYRETIN , *AMYLOIDOSIS , *HEART diseases - Abstract
Background: Hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis is a rare disease caused by transthyretin (TTR) gene mutations. The aim of our study was to identify early signs of cardiac involvement in patients with a TTR gene mutation in order to differentiate carriers from patients with neurological or cardiac disease. Methods: A case–control study was carried out on 31 subjects with the TTR mutation. Patients were divided into three groups: 23% with cardiac amyloidosis and polyneuropathy (group A), 42% with only polyneuropathy (group B) and 35% carriers (group C). Speckle-tracking echocardiography (left-ventricular global longitudinal strain—GLS, atrial stiffness) was performed in all patients. The apical/basal longitudinal strain ratio (SAB) and relative apical sparing (RAS) were assessed in all subjects. Results: Analyzing groups C and B, we only found a significant difference in the SAB (p-value 0.001) and RAS (p-value 0.039). These parameters were significantly more impaired in group A compared to group B (SAB p-value 0.008; RAS p-value 0.002). Also, atrial stiffness was significantly impaired in groups A and B compared to group C. Conclusions: Our study suggests the diagnostic role of the SAB and RAS in cardiac amyloidosis. The SAB and RAS showed a gradual increase from carriers to patients with neurological and cardiac diseases. Thus, these parameters, in addition to atrial stiffness, could be used to monitor carriers. More extensive data are needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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