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Bangladesh is a highly climate vulnerable region. Among the many areas of Bangladesh, the haor region is considered as one of the most climate change sensitive areas. Again, the nation greatly depends on the agricultural produce of the haor area. So, adoption to climate change strategies is vital for the farming community of Bangladesh. The current study was conducted based on the idea of understanding the depth of knowledge of farmers regarding climate change, identifying the currently practiced climate change adaptation strategies and to know the influential factors behind the adoption of those practices. The study was drawn on primary data collected from 300 farmers of the Dingapota haor of Mohanganj upazila under Netrokona district of Bangladesh through a structured interview schedule. Descriptive analysis, adaptation Strategy Index (ASI), and Pearson's product correlation coefficient (r) were used to analyze data with the help of Excel and SPSS. The study found that the intensity of flash floods, short winter seasons, and unpredictable rainfall have significantly increased. Most respondents believe that certain parts of the climatic conditions are getting worse. Farmers' knowledge about crop diversification secured first and floating agriculture secured second position in case of advanced proficiency to cope with climate change vulnerability. The research exposed that changes in planting and harvesting dates are the most efficient climate change adaptation strategy practiced by farmers and their experience of agricultural farming strongly influences adaptation choices in the study area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Climate change has been a significant threat to sustainable agriculture impacting trade and food security. This research investigates the impacts of climate change on agricultural trade and food security in emerging economies focusing on Southern Africa. The research employed the dynamic panel Generalised Method of Moments (GMM) using panel data for the period 2012 to 2021 obtained from a sample of 12 Southern African countries selected based on data availability. The main independent variables to the research were climate change variables (temperature and precipitation). Other control variables included were population growth, food inflation and agricultural growth. The study found significant negative effects of climate change on agriculture trade. Whilst temperature changes were found to have insignificant effects, precipitation changes were found to have significant positive effects. The research recommends concerted efforts towards climate change adaptation and mitigation for sustainable agriculture. Based on the Findings, sustainable food security and agricultural trade Southern African emerging economies may be attained through effective climate change mitigation and adaptation approaches particularly promoting climate-smart agriculture (CSA). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study analyzed smallholder maize farmers' perceptions of climate change vulnerability and adaptation strategies in the eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo. The study used a cross-sectional quantitative approach, with smallholder farmers selected based on farm size (less than 10 hectares). Using simple random sampling techniques, 210 smallholder farmers in South Kivu Province was selected from October and November 2021. The data were analyzed using frequency analysis, non-parametric Mann–Whitney U-tests, Tobit regression model and structural equations modeling, which demonstrated that demographic and socioeconomic factors influenced smallholder farmers' perceptions and adaptation strategies to climate change. The findings revealed that the level of education, size of the field, and activities of smallholder farmers had significant effects on climate change perception and adaptation strategies. Smallholder farmers' perceptions had a negative (p < 1%) influence on maize smallholder farmers' adaptation to climate change. Common efforts should be made to encourage smallholder farmers to feel committed enough to implement climate change adaptation measures that are effective in mitigating or preventing climate change risk. The results of this study would have implications for policies to support maize smallholder farmers in their efforts to mitigate and resilient to climate change in sub-Saharan Africa. Firstly, the promotion of climate literacy must be sufficient to provide farmers with information on climate and forecasting. Secondly, to empower smallholder farmers with means and resources to prevent and reduce the effects of climate change. Lastly, enhancing the current environment for the agriculture sector will advance community inclusivity and food security. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]