1. [formula omitted]-labelings of subdivisions of graphs.
- Author
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Chang, Fei-Huang, Chia, Ma-Lian, Kuo, David, Liaw, Sheng-Chyang, and Tsai, Meng-Hsuan
- Subjects
- *
MATHEMATICAL formulas , *GRAPH labelings , *GRAPH theory , *SUBDIVISION surfaces (Geometry) , *PATHS & cycles in graph theory - Abstract
Given a graph G and a function h from E ( G ) to N , the h -subdivision of G , denoted by G ( h ) , is the graph obtained from G by replacing each edge u v in G with a path P : u x u v 1 x u v 2 … x u v n − 1 v , where n = h ( u v ) . When h ( e ) = c is a constant for all e ∈ E ( G ) , we use G ( c ) to replace G ( h ) . Given a graph G , an L ( 2 , 1 ) -labeling of G is a function f from the vertex set V ( G ) to the set of all nonnegative integers such that | f ( x ) − f ( y ) | ≥ 2 if d G ( x , y ) = 1 , and | f ( x ) − f ( y ) | ≥ 1 if d G ( x , y ) = 2 . A k - L ( 2 , 1 ) -labeling is an L ( 2 , 1 ) -labeling such that no label is greater than k . The L ( 2 , 1 ) -labeling number of G , denoted by λ ( G ) , is the smallest number k such that G has a k - L ( 2 , 1 ) -labeling. We study the L ( 2 , 1 ) -labeling numbers of subdivisions of graphs in this paper. We prove that λ ( G ( 3 ) ) = Δ ( G ) + 1 for any graph G with Δ ( G ) ≥ 4 , and show that λ ( G ( h ) ) = Δ ( G ) + 1 if Δ ( G ) ≥ 5 and h is a function from E ( G ) to N so that h ( e ) ≥ 3 for all e ∈ E ( G ) , or if Δ ( G ) ≥ 4 and h is a function from E ( G ) to N so that h ( e ) ≥ 4 for all e ∈ E ( G ) . [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
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