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Overview of: Speirs TP, Tuffin N, Mundy-Baird F, et al Long-term nitrofurantoin: an analysis of complication awareness, monitoring, and pulmonary injury cases. BJGP Open 2021;5:BJGPO.2021.0083., (© BMJ Publishing Group Limited 2022. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.)

Competing Interests: Competing interests: None declared. Refer to the online supplementary files to view the ICMJE form(s).

Overview of: Leitch S, Dovey SM, Cunningham WK, et al Medication-related harm in New Zealand general practice: a retrospective records review. Br J Gen Pract 2021;71:e626-e633., (© BMJ Publishing Group Limited 2022. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.)

Overview of: Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency. Dapagliflozin (Forxiga): no longer authorised for treatment of type 1 diabetes mellitus. Drug Safety Update 2021;15:3., (© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2022. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.)

Overview of: Jayk Bernal A, Gomes da Silva MM, Musungaie DB, et al Molnupiravir for oral treatment of COVID-19 in nonhospitalized patients. NEJM 2021;doi:10.1056/NEJMoa2116044 [Epub ahead of print 16 Dec 2021]., (© BMJ Publishing Group Limited 2022. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.)

Overview of: Abrilla AA, Pajes ANNI, Jimeno CA. Metformin extended-release versus metformin immediate-release for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2021;178:108824., (© BMJ Publishing Group Limited 2022. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.)

Overview of: Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency. Haloperidol (Haldol): reminder of risks when used in elderly patients for the acute treatment of delirium. Drug Safety Update 2021;15:1., (© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2022. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.)

Overview of: Henderson JT, Vesco KK, Senger CA, et al Aspirin use to prevent preeclampsia and related morbidity and mortality: updated evidence report and systematic review for the US Preventive Services Task Force. JAMA 2021;326:1192-1206., (© BMJ Publishing Group Limited 2022. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.)

Overview of: Murray S, Augustyniak M, Murase JE, et al Barriers to shared decision-making with women of reproductive age affected by a chronic inflammatory disease: a mixed-methods needs assessment of dermatologists and rheumatologists. BMJ Open 2021;11:e043960., (© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2022. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.)

Overview of: Khatter A, Moriarty F, Ashworth M et al Prevalence and predictors of potentially inappropriate prescribing in middle-aged adults: a repeated cross-sectional study. Br J Gen Pract 2021;71:e491-e497., (© BMJ Publishing Group Limited 2022. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.)

Overview of: The Blood Pressure Lowering Treatment Triallists' Collaboration. Pharmacological blood pressure lowering for primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease across different levels of blood pressure: an individual participant-level data meta-analysis. Lancet 2021;397:1625-36., (© BMJ Publishing Group Limited 2022. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.)

The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved two drugs for 'hypoactive sexual desire disorder' in women, flibanserin (Addyi) in 2015 and bremelanotide (Vyleesi) in 2019. In this paper we examine the outcome measures and clinical trial data upon which regulatory approval was based. In clinical trials, flibanserin led to an average of only one additional enjoyable sexual experience every two months, bremelanotide to none. Trials for both drugs feature shifts in primary outcomes and a contested indication. A politicised industry-sponsored advocacy campaign and conflicted patient and expert testimony likely influenced flibanserin's approval at its third attempt. Bremelanotide, with even weaker efficacy, capitalised on the regulatory precedent set by the approval of flibanserin. Reconsideration of regulatory decisions to approve these drugs is in order, as well as a broader examination of how future regulatory decisions can better address conflicts of interest and clinically meaningful benefit., Competing Interests: Competing interests: None declared. Refer to the online supplementary files to view the ICMJE form(s)., (© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2021. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.)

Overview of: Veazie S, Peterson K, Ansari Y, et al. Fludrocortisone for orthostatic hypotension. Cochrane Database of Syst Revs 2021;5:10.1002/14651858.CD012868.pub2., (© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2021. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.)

Overview of: Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency. Topical corticosteroids: information on the risk of topical steroid withdrawal reactions. Drug Safety Update 2021;15(2):1., (© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2021. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.)

Overview of: Ghannad M, Yang B, Leeflang M, et al A randomized trial of an editorial intervention to reduce spin in the abstract's conclusion of manuscripts showed no significant effect. J Clin Epidemiol 2021;130:69-77., (© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2021. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.)

Overview of: Shantsila E, Shahid F, Sun Y, et al Spironolactone to improve exercise tolerance in people with permanent atrial fibrillation and preserved ejection fraction: the IMPRESS-AF RCT. Efficacy Mech Eval 2020; 7(4)., (© BMJ Publishing Group Limited 2021. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.)

Overview of: Hodgkinson JA, Lee MM, Milner S, et al Accuracy of blood-pressure monitors owned by patients with hypertension (ACCU-RATE study): a cross-sectional, observational study in central England. Br J Gen Pract 2020;70:e548-e554., (© BMJ Publishing Group Limited 2021. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.)

Overview of: Dinh A, Ropers J, Duran C, et al Discontinuing β-lactam treatment after 3 days for patients with community-acquired pneumonia in non-critical care wards (PTC): a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled, non-inferiority trial. Lancet 2021;397:1195-203., (© BMJ Publishing Group Limited 2021. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.)

The BNF is jointly published by the Royal Pharmaceutical Society and BMJ. BNF is published in print twice a year and interim updates are issued and published monthly in the digital versions. The following summary provides a brief description of some recent key changes that have been made to BNF content., (© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2021. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.)

Overview of: Chalitsios CV, Shaw DE, McKeever TM. Risk of osteoporosis and fragility fractures in asthma due to oral and inhaled corticosteroids: two population-based nested case-control studies. Thorax 2021;76:2-28., (© BMJ Publishing Group Limited 2021. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.)

Overview of: Azoulay É, Castro P, Maamar A, et al Outcomes in patients treated with chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy who were admitted to intensive care (CARTTAS): an international, multicentre, observational cohort study. Lancet Haematol 2021;8:e355-64., (© BMJ Publishing Group Limited 2021. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.)

Generic name: Romosozumab Brand name: Evenity Formulation: 105 mg solution for injection in a pre-filled pen Market Authorisation holder: UCB Pharma Limited Indication: treatment of severe osteoporosis in postmenopausal women at high risk of fracture Dose: 210 mg romosozumab (administered as two subcutaneous injections of 105 mg each) once a month for 12 months. It is recommended that patients begin antiresorptive therapy after completing treatment with romosozumab. Cost: £427.75 for two pre-filled pens each containing 105 mg romosozumab Classification: Prescription only medicine (POM) subject to additional monitoring (▼)., Competing Interests: Competing interests: None declared., (© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2021. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.)

Commentary on: Maron DJ, Hochman JS, Reynolds HR, et al Initial Invasive or Conservative Strategy for Stable Coronary Disease. N Engl J Med 2020;382:1395-1407. Series co-ordinator: Dr Teck Khong, DTB Associate Editor Clinical Pharmacology, St George's, University of London, UK., Competing Interests: Competing interests: None declared. Refer to the online supplementary files to view the ICMJE form(s)., (© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2021. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.)

Overeview of: Ju C, Wei L, Mackenzie IS, et al Changes in prescribing rates of sodium-containing medications in the UK from 2009-2018: a cross-sectional study with interrupted time series analysis. BMJ Open 2021;11:e043566., (© BMJ Publishing Group Limited 2021. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.)

Review of: Nidorf SM, Fiolet ATL, Mosterd A, et al Colchicine in patients with chronic coronary disease. N Engl J Med 2020;383:1838-47., (© BMJ Publishing Group Limited 2021. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.)

Overview of: Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency. Chloramphenicol eye drops containing borax or boric acid buffers: use in children younger than 2 years. Drug Safety Update 2021;14:1., (© BMJ Publishing Group Limited 2021. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.)

Overview of: Sharma V, Simpson SH, Samanani S, et al Concurrent use of opioids and benzodiazepine/Z-drugs in Alberta, Canada and the risk of hospitalisation and death: a case cross-over study. BMJ Open 2020;10:e038692., (© BMJ Publishing Group Limited 2021. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.)

Review of: Horne AW, Vincent K, Hewitt CA, et al Gabapentin for chronic pelvic pain in women (GaPP2): a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Lancet 2020; 396:909-17., (© BMJ Publishing Group Limited 2021. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.)

Overview of: Case reports from five patients in Norway and 11 patients from Germany and Austria., (© BMJ Publishing Group Limited 2021. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.)

Overview of: Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency. Antiepileptic drugs in pregnancy: updated advice following comprehensive safety review. Drug Safety Update 2021;14(6):1., (© BMJ Publishing Group Limited 2021. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.)

Overview of: Black DM, Geiger EJ, Eastell MD, et al Atypical femur fracture risk versus fragility fracture prevention with bisphosphonates. New Engl J Med 2020;383:743-753., (© BMJ Publishing Group Limited 2021. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.)

Commentary on: McMurray JJV, Solomon SD, Inzucchi SE, et al Dapagliflozin in patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction. N Engl J Med 2019;381:1995-2008. Commentary by: Dr Joshua Au Yeunga, Clinical Pharmacology, St Thomas' Hospital, London, UK and Dr Teck Khong, Clinical Pharmacology, St George's, University of London, UK. Series Editor: Dr Teck Khong, DTB Associate Editor, Clinical Pharmacology, St George's, University of London, UK., Competing Interests: Competing interests: None declared. Refer to the online supplementary files to view the ICMJE form(s)., (© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2021. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.)

Overview of: Bloom CL, de Preux L, Sheikh A et al Health and cost impact of stepping down asthma medication for UK patients, 2001-2017: a population-based observational study. PLOS Med 2020;17:e1003145., (© BMJ Publishing Group Limited 2021. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.)

Overview of: Douros A, Lix LM, Fralick M, et al. Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors and the risk for diabetic ketoacidosis. Ann Intern Med 2020;173:417-25., (© BMJ Publishing Group Limited 2021. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.)

The BNF is jointly published by the Royal Pharmaceutical Society and BMJ. BNF is published in print twice a year and interim updates are issued and published monthly in the digital versions. The following summary provides a brief description of some of the key changes that have been made to BNF content since the last print edition (BNF 80) was published., (© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2021. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.)

Commentary on: Mehta SR, Wood DA, Storey RF, et al Complete Revascularization with Multivessel PCI for Myocardial Infarction. N Engl J Med 2019; 381:1411-21. Commentary by: Dr Emma Magavern and Dr Teck Khong Clinical Pharmacology, St George's, University of London, UK. Series Editor: Dr Teck Khong, DTB Associate Editor Clinical Pharmacology, St George's, University of London, UK., Competing Interests: Competing interests: None declared. Refer to the online supplementary files to view the ICMJE form(s)., (© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2021. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.)

Overview of: Curtis HJ, Walker AJ, MacKenna B, et al Prescription of suboptimal statin treatment regimens: a retrospective cohort study of trends and variation in English primary care. Br J Gen Pract 2020;70:e525-e533., (© BMJ Publishing Group Limited 2021. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.)

Every month, DTB scans sources of information on treatments, disease management and other healthcare topics for key items to bring to our readers' attention and help them keep up to date. To do this, we produce succinct, contextualised summaries of the information concerned., (© BMJ Publishing Group Limited 2021. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.)

Review of: Chalmers JR, Haines RH, Bradshaw LE, et al Daily emollient during infancy for prevention of eczema: the BEEP randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2020;395:962-972., (© BMJ Publishing Group Limited 2021. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.)

Review of: Andersson NW, Thomsen SF, Andersen JT. Evaluation of association between oral and topical terbinafine use in pregnancy and risk of major malformations and spontaneous abortion. JAMA Dermatology 2020;56:375-383., (© BMJ Publishing Group Limited 2020. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.)

The BNF is jointly published by the Royal Pharmaceutical Society and BMJ. BNF is published in print twice a year and interim updates are issued and published monthly in the digital versions. The following summary provides a brief description of some recent key changes that have been made to BNF content., (© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2020. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.)

DTB drug reviews provide an overview of medicines that have been recently launched in the UK. The articles include a summary of the evidence of benefits and harms as well as details of the regulatory authority's assessment report., Competing Interests: Competing interests: None declared., (© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2020. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.)