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The Colombian manufacturing industry's diversity and capacity for high-quality production are creating opportunities for increased participation in the aeronautical market. To tap into this potential, companies must adapt processes to adhere to global quality and safety standards. This research led to the creation of a specialized software tool capable of managing documents and risks linked to safety analysis during aeronautical product certification and manufacturing. By identifying local industry needs and essential risk-tracking features, the software was tailored to suit Colombian practices. This tool enables data management and risk monitoring throughout the manufacturing process, promoting standardization and centralization of risk-related information while meeting certification requirements and alleviating constraints tied to implementing a new risk monitoring system. Despite possessing the necessary potential, the Colombian manufacturing industry has yet to adopt the essential tools for certifying products under international standards in the aeronautical sector. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Through business process modeling, organizations in general have managed to optimize their processes, through a robust and automated process architecture. Similarly, through risk management, companies seek to ensure that the risks that can negatively affect the achievement of the organizations' strategic objectives are identified, analyzed, and adequately responded to. Based on the risk assessment, an organization will need to choose whether to accept the risk, mitigate the risk, or transfer the risk to the same or another process. When carried out effectively, risk management in business processes ensures that the organization's limited resources are prioritized to address in the most efficient way the problems that will affect them the most, and thus their continuity is achieved. and sustainability. This article explores questions associated with What is a business process, BPM? and What are the risks associated with business processes? How does the use of BPM modeling and process mining facilitate risk management at all stages of the process lifecycle? The most important contributions are related to the mapping of cycle risks to a functional and specific framework, and affect the life cycle in its entirety, which were analyzed through process mining. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Por medio de un modelado de procesos de negocios, en general las organizaciones han logrado optimizar sus procesos a través de una arquitectura de procesos robusta y automatizada. De igual forma, a través de la gestión de riesgos las empresas buscan garantizar que se identifique, analice y responda adecuadamente a los riesgos que pueden afectar negativamente la realización de sus objetivos estratégicos. Con base en la evaluación de riesgos, una organización deberá elegir si acepta, mitiga o transfiere el riesgo a otro o al mismo proceso. Cuando se realiza de manera efectiva, la gestión de los riesgos en los procesos de negocio asegura que se prioricen los recursos limitados de la organización para abordar de la manera más eficiente los problemas que más les afectarán, y se logre de esa manera su continuidad y sostenibilidad. Este artículo explora preguntas asociadas a: ¿Cuáles son los riesgos que se asocian a los procesos de negocio? y ¿Cómo el uso del modelado BPM y la minería de procesos facilitan la gestión de los riesgos en todas las etapas del ciclo de vida de los procesos? Los aportes más importantes están relacionados con el mapeo de los riesgos del ciclo a un marco funcional y específico, y afectan el ciclo de vida en su totalidad, los cuales fueron analizados por medio de una minería de procesos.

Through business process modeling, organizations in general have managed to optimize their processes, through a robust and automated process architecture. Similarly, through risk management, companies seek to ensure that the risks that can negatively affect the achievement of the organizations' strategic objectives are identified, analyzed, and adequately responded to. Based on the risk assessment, an organization will need to choose whether to accept the risk, mitigate the risk, or transfer the risk to the same or another process. When carried out effectively, risk management in business processes ensures that the organization's limited resources are prioritized to address in the most efficient way the problems that will affect them the most, and thus their continuity is achieved. and sustainability. This article explores questions associated with What is a business process, BPM? and What are the risks associated with business processes? How does the use of BPM modeling and process mining facilitate risk management at all stages of the process lifecycle? The most important contributions are related to the mapping of cycle risks to a functional and specific framework, and affect the life cycle in its entirety, which were analyzed through process mining. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Las Plantas de Tratamiento de Agua (PTA) deben garantizar el suministro de agua segura; con este fin, se aplicaron herramientas de evaluación del riesgo para el desarrollo del Plan de Seguridad del Agua (PSA) en una PTA de Cali-Colombia que abastece 1.4 millones de habitantes. Para la identificación de peligros y valoración del riesgo, se usaron cuatro herramientas: análisis exploratorio de datos de turbiedad, visitas de inspección, matriz de peligros/eventos peligrosos y matriz semicuantitativa. En condiciones normales y extremas de turbiedad (>400 – 2500 UNT) se garantiza turbiedad del agua tratada de 0.39±0.15 UNT, mostrando la robustez de la PTA. El 60% de los 40 eventos peligrosos presentaron nivel de riesgo muy alto sin considerar medidas de control y se redujeron hasta 7% con medidas de control existentes. Los programas de mejoramiento o soporte se deben orientar hacia las fases del tratamiento identificadas como prioritarias (acondicionamiento químico, coagulación, floculación/clarificación y filtración).

La rotura de la presa de Vega de Tera en 1959 supuso un hito en la ingeniería y en la percepción del riesgo de las presas a nivel nacional. Los estudios y modelos retrospectivos de la rotura son herramientas que permite mejorar la planificación territorial y la evaluación de los riesgos de este tipo de infraestructuras. El objetivo de este trabajo es reconstruir la rotura de la presa y simular la avenida generada. Para ello se ha reproducido el hidrograma, estimado el caudal punta y se ha construido un modelo hidráulico en HEC-RAS. El modelo permite afirmar que se trató de una rotura prácticamente instantánea (26 min), con un caudal punta de 13000 m3/s (velocidad y calado máximos de 30 m/s, y de 24 m). Finalmente todos los resultados hidráulicos corroboran la gran destrucción generada y el escenario catastrófico observado en las imágenes históricas.

El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo establecer una metodología para el análisis de riesgo de equipos y sistemas productivos, así como identificar aquellos activos sujetos al proceso de validación. Se proporciona un conjunto de instrucciones que describen detalladamente los pasos a seguir para realizar el cronograma de validación con bases al riesgo residual. El estudio se realizó en el Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas de Cuba, dirección de producción. El trabajo se basa en la implementación de la norma IEC 60812, análisis de los modos de fallo, efectos y criticidad (AMFEC). De conjunto con esta norma se utilizarán otros documentos indispensables para su aplicación como son la serie de normas IEC 60300-3-1 e IEC 61025. Entre los principales resultados se obtuvo el mapa de riesgo de la empresa y las acciones de control implementadas una vez identificado el riesgo residual. Estos resultados permitieron establecer el período mínimo indispensable para la validación de los sistemas tecnológicos de la empresa.

Drinking Water Treatment Plants (DWTP) must ensure safe water supply; to this end, we applied risk assessment tools for the development of the Water Safety Plan (WSP) in a DWTP from Cali-Colombia, which supplies 1.4 million inhabitants. For the identification of hazards and risk assessment, four tools were used: exploratory analysis of turbidity data, inspection visits, hazard/hazardous event matrix and semiquantitative matrix. Under normal and extreme conditions of turbidity (>400 - 2500 UNT), it has been guaranteed the turbidity of treated water of 0.39 ± 0.15 UNT, showing the robustness of the DWTP. It was found that sixty percent of the 40 hazardous events had a very high risk level without considering control measures and it was possible reduce to 7% with existing control measures. The improvement or support programs should be directed towards the treatment phases identified as priority (chemical conditioning, coagulation, flocculation/clarification and filtration). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a methodology for determining the optimal supply chain design with economic, environmental and risk management considerations. A multi-objective model based on mixed integer programming is proposed seeking three objectives: First, to minimize the total cost of transportation and the costs associated to the use of intermediate nodes. Second, to minimize the risks of product losses in transportation. Third, to minimize the environmental impact of CO2 emissions produced by transportation and storage operations. The proposed model is solved with two approaches: First, a commercial solver to compute the Pareto-optimal set of solutions. Second, a simulation-based optimization approach that allows to obtain statistically different but efficient solutions such that the decision-maker will be able to trade-off objectives while considering only Pareto optimal solutions. Experiments on random instances demonstrate the capability of the models and methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The dam failure of Vega de Tera in 1959 was a milestone on the engineering and risk perception of dam in Spain. The back analysis of dam failure and hydraulic model let us improve the spatial planning and the risk assessment. So the main core of this paper is to reconstruct the dam break and compute the spread flow generated, for this task we have been simulated the hydrograph and the peak flow. In this way, has been developed a HEC-RAS hydraulic model. The model shows that the dam failure was an almost instant (26 min), with a maximum flow of 13000 m3 / s (maximum speed 30 m/s, and maximum draft 24 m). Finally, all the hydraulic results corroborate the great destruction generated and the catastrophic scenario observed in the historical images. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to establish a methodology for risk analysis of equipment and production systems, and identify those assets subject to the validation process. It's provides a set of instructions that describing in detail the steps to perform a validation schedule with bases residual risk. The study was conducted at the National Center for Scientific Research of Cuba, production department. The work is based on the implementation of the IEC 60812 standard, analysis of failure modes, effects and criticality (FMEA). In partnership with this standard it was used other documents necessary for application as the series of standards IEC 60300-3-1 and IEC 61025. Among the main results was obtained the risk map of the company and were implemented control actions once identified residual risk. These results allow to establish the minimum period necessary for validation of technological systems of the company. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article is an exploratory study of perceived risk in the construction sector. We used a sample of 514 workers in Spain, Peru and Nicaragua. The method used was the psychometric paradigm and, under its assumptions we have studied nine factors or qualitative attributes of risk. The main statistical analysis was carried out using a classification tree. As a result is obtained that four of the nine attributes studied predict significantly the perceived risk of the sample. The attribute on the delay of the consequences has been the most important predictor in the model, followed by the attribute that explores the potential catastrophic risk and the attribute that explores the serious consequences. Finally the attribute related to the personal vulnerability has emerged. The implications of the results are exposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The mining industry in Colombia has reached an important position in the international market and the national economy, so, in order to describe the dynamics of the mining market, analyze the structure of the industry and make a comparison with estimates mineral production released at the National Mining Development Plan (PNDM) Unidad de Planeacion Minero Energetica (UPME), the @Risk tool is implemented. This tool and methodology defined in this article, allows for uncertainty and risk estimates in a simulation that generates a projection with a time horizon to 2019 the historical mining (extraction considering among years 1970 to 2013) of coal, gold and limestone, building alternative models that can be replicated by the mining institution in their respective futures PNDM and its updates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]