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This study presents an in-depth analysis of the energy-saving bias in green technology innovation across 30 provinces in manufacturing from 2011 to 2021, utilizing a novel Malmquist-Luenberger multidimensional decomposition index based on the directional distance function. The research reveals that green innovation, characterized predominantly by energy conservation, plays a pivotal role in driving China's green total factor productivity. The impetus for innovation in energy saving is found to surpass that of emission reduction in manufacturing enterprises. Energy-saving biased green technology innovation, originating in economically advanced provinces, has gradually expanded to the northern region, and it encompassed the majority of provinces in China. This type of innovation serves as the primary driver of regional green innovation. The study also identifies a conspicuous spatial aggregation effect of energy-saving biased green technology innovation, linked intrinsically to the degree of industrial aggregation and the spatial correlation effect of innovation.

This article conducts numerical simulation calculations on the heat dissipation characteristics of an air-cooled radiator. The results show that under natural heat dissipation conditions, the maximum temperature of air-cooled radiators with flat heat dissipation covers decreases by 9.6% compared to radiators without heat dissipation covers, and the maximum temperature of air-cooled radiators with array raised heat dissipation covers decreases by 9.9%; Under forced air cooling conditions, the maximum temperature of an air-cooled radiator with a flat heat dissipation cover decreases by 12.7%, while the maximum temperature of an air-cooled radiator with an array raised heat dissipation cover decreases by 13.3%.

The normal operation of the substation is inseparable from the important guarantee of the cable. The cables in the substation are not only widely distributed, but also the cables are flammable and spread easily after fire. Once a cable catches fire, the consequences will be disastrous. Therefore, how to fire the cable becomes an important task for the power system. Many engineers and technicians continue to analyze and study the causes of cable fires, but cable fire accidents still occur from time to time. In order to solve the problem of cable fire protection and existing problems, the article combines actual research and analysis, and gives the most effective and safe cable fire protection method．

The scarcity of water and increasing water pollution are the pressing challenge human being facing. Recovering water and valuable heavy metals is highly desired for treating heavy metal containing wastewater. We proposed a novel hydrate-based process to treat Ni2+ containing wastewater. The water recovery, Ni2+ enrichment factor, desalination efficiency were studied using this cyclopentane hydrate-based method. A water recovery of 43% can be obtained with a desalination efficiency of round 88% and an enrichment factor of 1.6. The desalination efficiency and the quality of the as-made water via the hydrate-based process can be further improved to above 99% via three-stage hydrate reaction. The proposed hydrate-based water treatment process may find wide applications in waste water treatment and heavy metal recycling.

Fused deposition modelling (FDM), as one technology of additive manufacturing, fabricates parts always with curl and looseness defects which restrict its development to a great extent. In this paper, a method based on acoustic emission (AE) was proposed to recognise the status of the manufactured part in FDM process. Experiments were carried out to acquire the AE signal when the printing part was respectively in normal, looseness and curl state. The ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD) was employed to the process of feature extraction and both the methods of Hidden-semi Markov model (HSMM) and support vector machine(SVM) were applied to recognise the three states of the normal, looseness and curl. The results reveal that the combination of EEMD and HSMM makes it more accurate to recognize these three states.