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The adsorption of lead in aqueous solution onto Acrocomia aculeata pulp was examined. The pulp was characterized in the presence and absence of lead using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TG-DTA), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Sulfur and oxygen bonds were responsible for adsorbing lead onto the pulp surface. The TG-DTA profile proved that adding sodium azide increases the pulp’s thermal stability until 200 °C. Adsorption data in batch and column systems were analyzed to understand the pulp adsorption compared to other biomaterials. In the batch experiments, the removal efficiency reached a maximum of 91.9% when a solution of 50 ppm of lead was placed in contact with the pulp for 30 min and fit Freundlich isotherm behavior. In the column experiments, the theoretical maximum adsorption capacity was found to be 11.97 mg g–1; more column data is needed to compare column results to other studies. Further studies to improve the pulp adsorption capacity are needed for it to be a competitive biomaterial for water treatment.

Clays are a class of complex micro-heterogeneous and can be used as a substrate for adsorption. The sorption behavior of solid-phase enhanced by the presence of surfactants, organoclay, is an important phenomenon studied by environmental technology for removal of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) anthropogenic sources from water. This work aims to study the photophysical behavior of anthracene as a model of HPA systems in microheterogeneous clay-surfactant-metal ions (M (II) = Cd (II), Cu (II), Hg (II), Ni (II) and Pb (II); surfactants: CTACl; SDS; TR-X100). The experimental assays were conducted by monitoring changes in the static properties of fluorescence and anthracene emission suppression; anthracene was used as fluorescent probe. M(II)ions, like Cd(II), Cu(II), Hg(II), Ni(II) and Pb(II)were used as anthracene fluorescence suppressors. The profile of the fluorescence spectrum and the results of the suppression of fluorescence of the probe allowed inferring the specific place of the anthracene solubilization into the micro-heterogeneous systems studied and the consequent arrangement of them.

Estudou-se e discutiu-se os diferentes métodos de preparação de microfios de Pt pura, Pt-Ir (20%, m/m) e Pt-Rh (10%, m/m) a serem empregados na construção dos respectivos microeletrodos. Os fios de Pt e suas ligas foram obtidos empregando fieiras com diferentes diâmetros. Em seguida foi utilizado o procedimento de desgaste eletroquímico em sal fundido (mistura NaNO3/ NaCl 14: a 320oC) para a Pt e em solução 6 molL-1 NaCN + 2 mol L-1 NaOH para a liga de Pt-Ir. Para a caracterização da interface metal-vidro e determinação dos raios geométrico e efetivo foram empregadas as microscopias óptica e eletrônica de varredura, a voltametria cíclica e a cronoamperometria. A condição de selagem foi verificada através dos gráficos da capacitância aparente Cd, corrigida considerando-se a área dos microeletrodos, e a velocidade de varredura, v.

Neste trabalho procurou-se descrever detalhadamente o procedimento de preparo de um arranjo de eletrodos com geometria em forma de microdiscos (20,2 < re < 25,7 mm) e estudar o comportamento eletroquímico desse conjunto de microeletrodos. Foram aplicadas diferentes equações descritas na literatura para a condição de estado estacionário e quase-estacionário e equações para a simulação de voltamogramas em regime estacionário. Para baixas velocidades, v £ 0,1 mV s-1, observou-se uma excelente sobreposição dos voltamogramas cíclicos experimental e simulado, entretanto, velocidades desta ordem de grandeza são pouco práticas do ponto de vista experimental. Observou-se, também para todos os microeletrodos estudados, uma transição da condição de corrente estacionária para quase-estacionária, com o aumento dos valores de v. Equações que permitem avaliar a contribuição das correntes radial e difusional, para a corrente total, ajustam-se perfeitamente as curvas I/E em todo o intervalo de raios dos eletrodos e valores de v empregados. Os voltamogramas obtidos para o arranjo de eletrodos operando na condição de curto circuito apresentou um fator de amplificação de 19 vezes, referente ao sinal obtido a partir de um único microeletrodo. Tal fator confirma a condição de ausência de sobreposição das camadas de difusão dos eletrodos e, portanto, reflete a contribuição individual de cada eletrodo para a corrente total.

The introduction of the subject quality, according to the market needs opens space for the discussion of the quality as personal need, and also for the professional citizen's formation, besides introducing specific subjects of administration of companies. In that way, an optional discipline was offered for the students of the Chemistry Institute, approaching the theme "Quality and Administration of the Quality ", by three followed years. Of the general evaluation of the course it was extracted that it should always be accomplished, that the theme is current and important and it contributes to the personal/professional formation. With relationship to the compromising with the degree course, about of the students' half it assumes your compromising with the studies and the remaining ones say they are only involved. It is ended, therefore that the course reached your proposed objectives, it introduced the principal quality concepts according to the norms of the quality of the series ISO 9000 and it raised the discussion of the student's professional - citizen formation.

Solid state cinnamylidenepyruvate of trivalent lanthanides (except for promethium) and yttrium, were prepared. Thermogravimetry, derivative thermogravimetry (TG, DTG), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray diffraction powder patterns and complexometry were used to characterize and to study the thermal behavior of these compounds in a dynamic CO2 atmosphere. The results obtained showed significative differences on the thermal stability and thermal decomposition of these compounds, with regard to the thermal behavior study in a dynamic air atmosphere.