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A paper published in 2019 in the journal Science concludes that Peru starred in 61 events to reduce the level of protection and size as well as to eliminate protected areas (events known by the acronym PADDD). That would place the country among those that most mistreat their protected areas. But, in Peru only one case is known. When reviewing the study methodology, it is confirmed that the authors misinterpreted the information, especially referring to national forests that in Peru have never been considered protected areas. It's seems the authors exaggerated the arguments to demonstrate the significance of PADDD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

I studied the nesting biology of Podocnemis unifilis from July to November 1998 in the Mamirauá Sustainable Development Reserve located in the Solimões River near Tefé, mazonas, Brazil. Podocnemis unifilis nested in August and September, with the hatching event occurring in October and November. Nests were excavated in clay soils (67.5%), sand (25%), and leaf litter (7.5%). Hatching success was highest in the sand beach nests and lowest in the clay banks nests. Humans and the tegu lizard (Tupinambis) were the main egg predators. This turtle population can be recuperated only by nesting beaches protection, educational programs for the inhabitants of the Reserve, participation of the community in the conservation and management program, and permanent guarding of the nesting beaches by the Instituto Brasilero de los Recursos Naturales y del Medio Ambiente personnel. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]