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This article aims to reflect on how critical mathematics education has been discussed in teaching processes and in the pedagogical practice of teachers in the early years of elementary school. For this purpose, it presents an exploratory study based on the mapping of Brazilian scientific productions that addressed teaching of mathematics in the Critical Perspective. 174 papers were analyzed, including articles, dissertations and theses from the National Bank of theses from the Coordination of the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (Capes) and from the Scientific Library Electronic Online (SciELO) in the period from 2002 to 2019. These works were categorized according to the subjects/focus of the research based on this organization. We identified the educational levels in which teaching mathematics from a critical perspective is discussed more frequently, which made it possible to foster reflections on the need to conduct research on this theme in levels less frequently. For interpretative analysis, presentation of results and survey of discussions on the theme in the early years of elementary school, we selected 11 papers. The results showed that there is a tendency to relate Critical Mathematics Education to activities that discuss Mathematical Modeling or Financial Mathematics. Critical perspective, dialogue is seen as an indispensable communication pattern for the collective investigation and reflection process, as it promotes the development of autonomy and the formation of critical citizenship. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper results from a final essay for the pedagogy degree at the Agreste Campus of the Federal University of Pernambuco. The research aimed to understand the place of dialogue in mathematics classes from the point of view of teachers of the early years of elementary school. Based on the concept of dialogue from the Freirean theory and critical mathematics education, we initially conducted a semi-structured interview with five teachers in a state school in the Pernambuco Agreste area, Brazil. Afterward, we requested them to answer two activities. The first consisted of observing two pictures of teachers in a task in the classroom and proposing modifications, whether they considered it necessary, so that the pictures portrayed their mathematics classes. In the second, we asked them to elaborate an activity based on a given image. As the Freirean theory and critical mathematics education proposed, teachers' voices bring dialogue elements, although they did not explicitly use the term. The most emphasised elements are the interactions between teacher and students and between students and community, and establishing the relationships between teaching and students' realities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article is an excerpt from a doctoral research that investigated learning revealed by some teachers who teach mathematics to children, in a learning environment, focusing on Stochastic. This term refers to the interface between combinatorial, probabilistic and statistical concepts, which enable the development of particular ways of thinking, involving random phenomena, interpretation of samples and drawing of inferences. In this paper, we present the practical shared by three teachers of the early years of elementary school, working in the Municipal Secretary of Education of São Paulo. We analyzed the teachers' learning through their oral and written narrative concerning the preparation of proposals for addressing stochastic ideas in childhood. The learning evidenced demonstrates that knowledge of the specific content generates and mobilizes actions in the professional environment of the teachers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to present an experience from a problem solving activity, carried out with 4th year students of a private Elementary School in the city of São Paulo. Through an analysis interpretative of the transcription of the utterances of the students and the teacher, it was possible to confirm the position of linguistics and mathematics education scholars about the importance of communication and interaction in social and cognitive development of individuals, particularly in this case, of students in a math class. The teacher's role as a conductive agent of interaction and construction of students' knowledge was also the object of analysis in this paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]