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The aim of this paper is to indicate the representation of the papers related to wine and wine (eno) tourism in the scientific journals in the field of tourism from the Journal Citation Reports (JCR) list, with the Impact Factor (IF) - Clarivate Analytics. Fifteen journals have been analyzed on the basis of the phrase presence related to wine and wine tourism in titles, keywords and abstracts. 91 papers have been singled out, with their review per journal, as well as summary of publication frequency per year. The significance of wine and wine tourism in the entire tourism is emphasized through the tendency of their increasing presence in the most relevant scientific journals in the field. This paper creates a foundation for the authors interested in detailed research of the papers published so far, and therefore further development of the scientific and research activities related to wine and wine tourism.

The aim of this paper is to indicate the representation of the papers related to wine and wine (eno) tourism in the scientific journals in the field of tourism from the Journal Citation Reports (JCR) list, with the Impact Factor (IF) – Clarivate Analytics. Fifteen journals have been analyzed on the basis of the phrase presence related to wine and wine tourism in titles, keywords and abstracts. 91 papers have been singled out, with their review per journal, as well as summary of publication frequency per year. The significance of wine and wine tourism in the entire tourism is emphasized through the tendency of their increasing presence in the most relevant scientific journals in the field. This paper creates a foundation for the authors interested in detailed research of the papers published so far, and therefore further development of the scientific and research activities related to wine and wine tourism.

The aim of this paper is to determine the economic viability of the electronic warehouse receipt registry introduction, as a step toward electronic warehouse receipts. Both forms of warehouse receipt paper and electronic exist in practice, but paper warehouse receipts are more widespread. In this paper, the dematerialization process is analyzed in two steps. The first step is the dematerialization of warehouse receipt registry, with warehouse receipts still in paper form. The second step is the introduction of electronic warehouse receipts themselves. Dematerialization of warehouse receipts is more complex than that for financial securities, because of the individual characteristics of each warehouse receipt. As a consequence, electronic warehouse receipts are in place for only to a handful of commodities, namely cotton and a few grains. Nevertheless, the movement towards the electronic warehouse receipt, which began several decades ago with financial securities, is now taking hold in the agricultural sector. In this paper is analyzed Serbian electronic registry, since the Serbia is first country in EU with electronic warehouse receipts registry donated by FAO. Performed analysis shows the considerable impact of electronic warehouse receipts registry establishment on enhancing the security of the system of public warehouses, and on advancing the trade with warehouse receipt.

The objective of this paper is to emphasize, branding as one of the possible ways to take concrete steps towards reaffirming the local values and traditional knowledge of rural populations in Serbia. Based on information gathered in the field, as well as from existing literature sources, the main goal of this study is to promote products from the Visok microregion. Due to very alarming demographic data, this may be the last chance for revitalizing this region. In this study, we highlighted the following products: Pirot kilim (Pirot rug), Pirot/Stara Planina lamb, Pirot Kachkaval cheese, Stara Planina honey, and Stara Planina potato. Besides agriculture, micr oregion Visok also has exceptional tourist potential. The conclusion of this paper emphasizes that the only viable path to revitalization is through planned investment. Such investment would facilitate the development of local infrastructure and help restore the population, thus enabling the creation of sustainable development.

This paper aims to identify, evaluate, and analyze determinants of the profitability of food enterprises from the Republic of Serbia. The paper determines the nature of the relationship between defined determinants and profitability by applying a panel regression model on a sample of 189 small, medium, and large food enterprises from Serbia in the period from 2011 to 2021. The analysis results showed that the profitability of food enterprises is positively influenced by liquidity and sales growth rate. On the other hand, the indebtedness, size, and materiality of assets have a negative impact on the profitability of food enterprises. Of all analyzed variables, only liquidity does not affect profitability at a statistically significant level. The results of the analysis should be added to the fact that smaller food enterprises, with a lower degree of indebtedness and a smaller share of fixed in total assets, achieve a higher degree of profitability.

Agriculture represents the “cause” and the “victim” of climate change. Almost 30 percent of greenhouse gas emissions come from the agricultural sector. They contribute to global warming and therefore significantly affect the sustainability of agricultural production systems. The aim of the paper is to determine which factors have the greatest influence on the greenhouse gas emission from agriculture. For this purpose, a dynamic panel analysis for 26 members of the European Union in the period from 2013 to 2021 in the paper is conducted. The results of the analysis suggest that the capacity for biofuel production, organic agricultural production and greenhouse gas emissions from the previous period have the greatest impact on the same emissions from agriculture. The results of this research can serve policy makers in formulating strategies for the development of food systems that will pollute the environment to a lesser extent and use available resources more rationally.

The paper deals with index-based crop insurance as a tool for managing flood and drought risks in agriculture. We introduce a novel model for determining premium rates in index-based crop insurance which combines the loss cost method and the average yield method. The proposed model was applied to data related to the production of selected crops in Serbia to calculate unique premium rates for index-based insurance for cereals, industrial crops and fodder plants. The paper also outlines the prerequisites for index-based crop insurance to become technically, operationally, and financially feasible in Serbia. We propose the introduction of mandatory index-based crop insurance, along with necessary legislative amendments and subsidization of insurance premiums.

State aid to certain economic sectors in the European Union was an acceptable model until the establishment of the single market in 1992. The EC acknowledge that the allowance is imputable to the MS and that it constitutes State aid. In the light of the foregoing, the Commission concludes that the measures at issue in the present case constitute State aid (Article 107(1) TFEU).”Special rules on provision of state aids were created as secondary law rules by the EU Council and EU Commission”. State aid to promote the economic development of the agricultural sector is part of the wider framework of the “Common Agricultural Policy” (“CAP”). This paper analyzes EU state aid regulation in the agriculture sector, with special focus on the provisions of the “Agriculture Block Exemption Regulation” – ABER. The paper also analyzes agricultural aid, which must be notified to the EC as being authorized under the “Agriculture Guidelines”.

The main objective of this paper is to perform a detailed analysis of the scientific literature on cultural tourism in rural areas through a bibliometric study of the papers indexed in the Web of Science database. The bibliometric analysis was carried out using performance analysis and science mapping techniques. Authors’ keywords and KeyWords Plus were analyzed using RapidMiner software, and VOSviewer software was employed to create category maps and visualize the evolution of keywords. Content analysis of influential publications was used to show the evolution of knowledge and discover the most current issues. The results show the evolution of publications on cultural tourism in rural areas and identify the most influential journals, articles, authors, institutions and countries, as well as the most important research topics in the field. The paper concludes with recommendations for future bibliometric studies and offers guidelines for further research on cultural tourism in rural areas.

The problem of image-based detection of the variety of beans, using artificial intelligence, is currently dealt with by scientists of various profiles. The idea of this paper is to show the possibility of applying different types of distances, primarily those that are fuzzy metrics, in clustering models in order to improve existing models and obtain more accurate results. The paper presents the method of variable neighborhood search, which uses both standard and fuzzy t-metrics and dual fuzzy s-metrics characterized by appropriate parameters. By varying those parameters of the fuzzy metric as well as the parameters of the metaheuristic used, we have shown how it is possible to improve the clustering results. The obtained results were compared with existing ones from the literature. The criterion function used in clustering is a fuzzy metric, which is proven in the paper.

Culinary tourism is recognized in academic literature as an initiator of cultural revitalization, social and economic development, as well as a source of recreation, entertainment, socializing and learning. Due to the increasing interest of the academic community in this topic, this paper refers to an evaluative bibliometric analysis of the contemporary culinary tourism literature published in the WoS category: Hospitality Leisure Sport Tourism. The aim of the paper is to provide an insight into the current state and dynamics of the development of this field through a detailed analysis of the intellectual structure of culinary tourism, the predominant research topics, the applied research methodology and the most influential articles, authors and academic journals. A critical review of the literature published in the previous decade will enable to identify research gaps as well as to suggest directions for future research whose implementation would bring the field of culinary tourism closer to the stage of maturity and roundness of scientific thought. The sublimation of the culinary tourism literature published in the most prestigious academic journals over the past decade should provide the basis for further research efforts and discussions by the academic community.

The aim of this paper is to show that business entities that apply ethical principles in their business, gain a good reputation on the market and trust in the quality of their product. Thus, it is known that the business entity is responsible, which enables it to fulfill the basic goal of business, which is to make a profit. The subject of research in this paper is the impact of socially responsible business on the market position of business entities. The authors specifically investigated the application and impact of socially responsible business rules on the position of agricultural farms in the territory of the municipality of Ruma. The instruments used in this research are a survey of farm owners and other stakeholders, an extensive literate review and a method of comparative analysis. The results of the research show that compliance with the rules of business ethics, in the long term, brings more profit to the business entity, so compliance with those standards is becoming more and more universal. That is why agricultural producers follow the rules of socially responsible business. The authors concluded that the social responsibility of business entities is an ethical demand that society places on them, a correlation with two demands that they are already faced with: economic - gaining profit and legal.

In the paper we constructed the new wheat growth model, based on the generalized logistic equation. Starting from the theoretical framework of the cobweb model, we adapted generalized logistic equation to better fit the real data of wheat prices, according to the presented wheat growth model. The aim of the paper is to present how logistic and generalized logistic equations can be used for both prediction of wheat prices and for the wheat price stability analysis. Data analysis showed better performances of the generalized logistic map in comparation with the conventional logistic map as a main result of this paper. For estimated parameters of the model the bifurcation diagrams also have been presented to show stability of wheat price over time. The conclusion is that the proposed model can be useful in predicting future wheat prices in the short-run period, as well as for the analysis of stability in conditions of uncertainty, which is also a recommendation for the application of the model in the future research.

The goal of this paper is to explore the issue of promoting unhealthy food and its potential impact on antisocial behavior in contemporary society using methods of structural and functional analysis, quantitative and qualitative analysis, comparative analysis, descriptive methods, and survey methods. Unhealthy food with high-calorie, harmful nutritional ingredients, can cause a myriad of health issues, such as obesity, cardiovascular conditions, and diabetes, but in some instances, it can affect the behavior of individuals. The paper investigates how such promotion can affect individuals’ eating patterns and health, with a particular focus on the development of antisocial behaviors. It also considers risk factors, including socioeconomic aspects and the influence of the media, that support the promotion of unhealthy food. This paper also discusses potential strategies to reduce the promotion of unhealthy food and promote healthier choices to mitigate the negative effects on antisocial behavior and enhance societal well-being.

Agriculture around the world faces a number of challenges. The aim of this paper is to investigate the impact of gross investments and agriculture investments on the level of food security in the member countries of the European Union (EU) and non-EU member countries. In the paper as a method of research hierarchical regression analysis was used. The results of the research showed that there is a statistically significant influence of gross investments and agriculture investments on the level of food security in the EU and non-EU member countries. The largest amount of gross investments and investments in agriculture was recorded in Croatia and Slovenia, as a EU members countries, which have the highest level of food security. On the other hand, the lowest volume of gross investments and investments in agriculture was recorded in Bosnia and Herzegovina, as non-EU member country, which has the lower level of food security.

The paper analyzes fruit and vegetable juice production sectors in Serbia and Croatia, with a special emphasis on the analysis of financial performance indicators. Costeffectiveness, profitability and liquidity indicators over the five-year period have been calculated on the basis of financial data. The aim of the paper is to examine whether there is a statistically significant difference between these indicators in the sectors of the two countries. Having in view that previous research results indicate a lower level of technical effectiveness of Serbian agriculture compared to EU countries, the paper examines the potential of the processing sector in generating new value and the possibility of creating a new product from primary agricultural products with considerably better business results. Based on the statistically significant difference in the mean values of financial indicators, the conclusion is that this sector in Serbia is more liquid and profitable than the counterpart sector in Croatia.

The visual appearance of food is an important attribute when people choose food. This paper aims to examine the impact of visual aesthetics on the consumer’s perception of a healthy and tasty meal. The paper consists of two empirical researches, which includes survey and experimental research. The survey results indicate the connection between the visual appearance of meals and the consumer’s perception of health and tasty meals. The experimental research compare consumer expectations about the meal taste based on its visual appearance, and actual consumer experience after tasting that meal. The results show that there are differences in consumer expectations, based on visual aesthetics and they should assist the hospitality and tourism business from acknowledging how the visual aesthetics of food can influence consumers’ food choice decisions. This can be an effective technique for hospitality and tourism companies in attracting consumers and increasing their loyalty.

The advancement of information technologies during the past several decades has excelled, especially those that are applicable to all aspects of human activity. The aim of this paper is to determine the views of agricultural product producers in Central Serbia on e-business, with a focus on determining the perception of the promotional potential of the Internet itself. As social media networks, play an increasing role in e-business globally, the intention is to emphasize the importance of their use in order to promote various agricultural and food products. The survey included a final sample of 92 respondents. The basic hypothesis in this paper is that the Internet as an e-business technology has great potential for improving the position of farmers and producers, but also that it is not used in its full potential. The results confirm the aforementioned hypothesis, while the conclusions are directed towards the necessity of education in order of getting to know the benefits of e-business, as well as the advantages of promotion via social networks.

The aim of this paper is to analyze the contribution of the agricultural sector to the European Union member states’ economic growth in the period from 2002 to 2021. This paper makes an attempt to answer the question of whether the agricultural sector contributes to the economic growth of the European Union countries, in terms of incentives that their governments give to the agricultural sector. For this purpose, a multiple regression model is developed with one dependent and several independent variables, and the obtained research results show a positive influence of the agricultural sector, expressed through agricultural production, on economic growth rate of EU 27 countries in the analyzed period.

Agricultural and rural development is a very current issue in the world. Today, agriculture is expected to meet the growing demands for the production of a sufficient amount of food. So, it is necessary to increase productivity in agriculture, while taking into account the longterm agricultural sustainability. The implementation of digitalization in agriculture leads to increased productivity, enables the growth of agricultural producers’ profits and maintenance of food security. The aim of the paper is to analyze the application of digitalization in agriculture on farms in AP Vojvodina. In the paper 46 farms from the territory of AP Vojvodina were surveyed as part of the research. The results of the research showed that digital technology is still not used enough on farms in AP Vojvodina, and the main limiting factors are financial resources, education and lack of different types of training.

Along with tourism, agriculture and industry are the most important sectors of the Montenegrin economy. The paper gives a financial analysis of these two sectors compared against the average for the Montenegrin economy. The analysis is based on the submitted final accounts for the period 2005 - 2019. The financial analysis in the paper showed that the growth of assets in agriculture was faster than the national average in the observed period, while in the case of industry it was slower. It also showed that agriculture has satisfactory solvency, while that in industry is a matter of concern, and although the debt level of the former is lower than that of the latter, the trend of debt growth is concerning. As for liquidity, it remains unsatisfactory in both sectors, but it is somewhat more favourable in industry.

Decision-making can be improved by using different models by financial statements users for different purposes. In this paper, the FAHP model was implemented for financial performance evaluation of companies operating within the A-agriculture, forestry and fisheries sectors on the Belgrade Stock Exchange. In addition, we used the VIKOR method, for ranking companies against the results achieved. With all the constrains shown, the research presented in this paper, raises questions for insight and future development, through the possibilities of ranking the financial performance of the company.

The purpose of this research is to explain the impact of the economic and energy crisis on the rise of prices of agricultural products and further development of a sustainable agricultural economy in Serbia. In the paper are used comparative data for analysis of the movement of agricultural production and inflation in the last 10 years. The evident result of the research is the great impact of the economic and energy crisis on the rise of prices of agricultural products and rising inflation. The main task of this research is to help to understand factors which are connected to the rise of prices of agricultural products, and to suggest adequate solutions for stopping inflation with the aim to obtain the supply of necessary foods in periods of crisis. In paper are recommended new strategies which will contribute to the proper treatment of agricultural production in the future and sustainable development.

In this paper, the authors discuss the responsibility for material deficiencies of goods, with reference to the organic agriculture products, given the specific and highly demanding production system and the growing demand for organic products in developed countries and in Serbia. An integral part of everyday life is the risk that the goods purchased are more or less materially defective. Organic production methods involve the usage of natural processes and substances, and limit or completely eliminate the use of synthesized agents. Also, producers inevitably suffer from various external influences. The desire of consumers is to buy products which use natural ingredients that are obtained on the basis of natural procedures. Research in this paper has shown that in the creation of an organic product may occur material defects that more or less impair its essence. Therefore, this paper analyzes such shortcomings and also recommends how customers can act when they find themselves in this situation.

To market products with geographical indications in the best possible way, it is necessary to examine the attitudes and habits of consumers. The subject of this paper is a survey on habits and attitudes of consumers about products with GI in Serbia. The aim of this paper is to examine the level of familiarity, attitudes, and habits of consumers, as well as to determine the knowledge and interest in these products. Citizens of Serbia participated in the research (n = 399). The methodology is based on a questionnaire that obtained the data that were processed via t-test statistical methods for independent samples, one-factor analysis of variance, the χ² test, and Pearson’s correlation coefficient. Based on the conducted research, it can be stated that about 70% of respondents are willing to pay a higher price for these products.

The Covid-19 pandemic has brought numerous economic challenges to countries around the world. The specificities of certain economy sectors determined the character and intensity of the impact of this health crisis on their results. The purpose of the paper is to analyse the impact that the Covid-19 pandemic has had on the economic results of agriculture in the European Union countries. Comparative analysis and cluster analysis are used in the research. The general conclusion of the paper is that the Covid-19 pandemic did not change the economic importance and role of agriculture in the individual European Union countries. In addition, the European Union countries differ significantly according to the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on the contribution of agriculture to gross domestic product, while a significant difference between the countries has not been determined according to the impact of the pandemic on the contribution of agriculture to employment.

The purpose of the paper was to examine the impact of internal green marketing on managers' organizational identification and the financial performance of the organizations. The empirical research was carried out by an online survey. The model proposed in this paper was tested on a sample of 53 managers of Serbian organizations in the agribusiness sector. For empirical testing of the proposed hypotheses, partial least squares structural equation modeling was used. The findings revealed that the direct effect of internal green marketing on managers' organizational identification as well as the direct effect of managers' organizational identification on financial performance is positive and statistically significant. Managers' organizational identification fully mediates the relationship between internal green marketing and financial performance. This paper can contribute to better understanding of green internal marketing and its effect on organizations, especially in the agribusiness sector. The results can be useful to managers in the agribusiness sector.

The paper deals with the production and economic indicators of farms in the Republic of Serbia based on data collected from the FADN sample for 2019. The aim of the research is to analyze and evaluate the influence of important factors on profitability of farms of different economic size. According to their economic size, farms are classified into four groups: very small, small-sized, mid-sized and large-sized farms. Factors influencing profitability are grouped into: production management, financial management, human resources management and subsidies and natural factors. The statistical technique used in the paper is a multiple regression model applied to determine statistically significant influence of certain factors on profitability. The results of the research show that equity turnover is the factor with the greatest positive impact on profitability of farms regardless of their economic size. Paid labour has the greatest negative impact on very small, small-sized and mid-sized farms. Further research should focus on analysis of the financial performance of small and medium farms which, based on the available capacities and income, are the main drivers of development of the entire agricultural sector.

Wine is not just a product of modern times. Wine, one of the oldest drinks in the world, was sold and inherited by ancient civilizations. Its importance is indicated by the regulation of wine in the Codes of ancient Mesopotamia and Roman law. Today, this agri-food product is sold on both the domestic and foreign markets, and it is indisputable that the production and sale of this product must be legally regulated. The authors of this paper, by analyzing the legal provisions of Roman law, the Law on Wine and the Criminal Code of Republic of Serbia, point out the importance of the existence and expansion of legal provisions related to wine and its producers and precise criminal law provisions in case of sale of wine produced contrary to legal regulations and contrary to the health of people who consumed the same. The stated purpose of the paper, in order to draw a conclusion about the importance of specifying legal provisions, was achieved by presenting the historical and positive legal regulation, using the historical method and comparative analysis.

In this paper the focus of the authors was on the economic performance of apricot brandy production, realized on a family farm. The aim of this research was to determine the economic profitability of apricot brandy production in years 2017, 2018 and 2019. The sources of data used for the preparation of this paper were the internal documents/ records of the family farm and the interviews conducted with family members. Contemporary scientific and professional literature relevant to the subject research was used as a theoretical basis. Several research methods were used in the paper, namely: observation method, content analysis, interview, descriptive method, calculation method, grouping method, and comparative method. The analysis showed that the production of apricot brandy on the family farm in the observed years was economically viable.

Rural development is one of the most important elements of the overall economic development. The level of entrepreneurship development, which is closely related to the available human capital of a certain area, has a particularly great impact on the speed and structure of the rural economic growth, along with outdoor amenities of rural areas. The paper provides an overview of foreign and domestic academic literature which deals with the issue of rural development and indicates the necessity and importance of achieving a stronger connection between rural outdoor amenities and the socio-economic development of rural areas. The paper also presents the results of the research aimed at the formulation of the relevant models of economic growth of rural areas in the 21st century. The aim of this paper is to point out the importance and possibility of implementing successful models of rural economic growth in Serbia.

The primary goal of the paper was to analyze the fish market of Bosnia and Herzegovina (B&H). The paper presents the level of self-sufficiency and import dependence of fish for the period 2014-2020. The source of data was the data of the B&H Agency for Statistics and Indirect Taxation Authority of B&H. The following methods were applied: descriptive statistics, trend data and balance sheet method. On average, 3.161 tons of trout were produced in B&H per year, 82% of total fish production. Carp were produced 510 tons per year. Other freshwater fish are becoming less and less attractive for production. B&H's fish self-sufficiency is low (54%) and the average rate of import dependence is about 76%. The consumption of fish per capita is 2 kilograms. It is necessary to improve the education of the population throughout B&H about the importance of fish nutrition and the health aspects of its consumption.

The resource potential of the agricultural sector in Kosovo and Metohija is not sufficiently used, but there is certainly a need for agricultural production, as one of the primary activities, in places inhabited by non-Albanians. The aim of this paper is to analyze the development and potential of organic production in Kosovo and Metohija. For the purposes of this paper, an original questionnaire was formulated, based on when a direct survey conducted in July and August 2021 was conducted. Also, the owner of the only agricultural cooperative "Zubin Potok" in this area, was interviewed. The research showed that a more than thirty/four percent (34,7%) of respondents answered that they plan to expand production, good part of the respondents (23,3%) pointed out that they are interested in a some kind of education if it would be organized by professionals, while more than 90% of respondents involved in organic production said it would mean some form of subsidy or local or international aid. The authors point out that for the development of organic production in Kosovo and Metohija, it is necessary to provide financial support to farms, but also to build a stable market of organic products, which would contribute to the stability and competitiveness of this food production system.

The subject matter of this paper are the changes in the directions and content of the agrarian strategy and policy in the Republic of Serbia during the last two decades, which occurred primarily due to the need to adjust to the standards of the Common Agricultural Policy of the European Union. The paper starts from the assumption that the process of creating agrarian policy and its transmission to economic flows is very complex and slow and requires the activity of a large number of actors and relevant institutions. Key strategic documents in the field of agriculture as well as measures of the current agricultural policy were analyzed. The aim of the paper is to examine the compliance of current agricultural policy measures with the priorities of agricultural development that are determined by these strategic documents, and above all the Strategy of Agriculture and Rural Development of the Republic of Serbia for the period 2014-2024.

The purpose of writing the paper is the situation in agriculture in Serbia and the municipality of Kladovo, as well as the importance it achieves in the economic structure. At the level of Serbia, the importance of agriculture, forestry and fisheries (AFF) is analyzed through their contribution to gross domestic product (GDP) creation from 2016 to 2020, while for the municipality level the importance is determined by the amount of funds allocated in the local self-government unit (LSU) for the needs of agriculture from 2018 to 2020. The obtained results indicate a high share of AFF in GDP creation (6.3% during 2020) and a low share of budget funds in the total budget of the municipality for support of rural development (2.34% in 2020). The aim of this paper is to analyze the possibilities for further development of agriculture in the Republic and the Municipality. The paper uses methods of critical analysis of relevant literature, as well as descriptions for interpreting the results obtained by empirical research.

The paper presents the wine production performance in the Republic of Serbia. The research adopts quantitative and qualitative methods, using a relatively novel method, netnography, which involves the observation and analysis of specific social groups or occurrences in the digital world using search engines as the primary source of data gathering. Key factors identified in the study are land, labor, capital and factors supply and demand. Goal of this research is, through the analysis of before mentioned factors, to evaluate wine production of Serbian wine producers. The paper also examines current conditions and possibilities of grape growing and wine making in the Republic of Serbia.

Depending on the existence and dominance of a resource in a certain rural area, different forms of rural tourism can be developed. Human resources are the most important factor in all forms of tourism business, including rural tourism. The subject of this paper is a survey of employee satisfaction in rural tourism, in Eastern Serbia - in the villages of the Timok region. The authors aimed to highlight the most important motivating factors of employees in smaller rural households. The technique of survey questionnaires was applied, while the obtained data were processed by the appropriate statistical method. The paper represents a modest contribution to the research of human resources motivation in the field of rural tourism, but the results obtained by the research can be recommendations to the general managers of rural households, in which way to best motivate their employees.

The aim of this paper is to determine the current situation in the field of geographical indications schemes (GI), obstacles for futures development and to provide recommendations for GIs development in Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina and Montenegro. GIs quality schemes provide confirmation to consumers that foodstuff is a traditional product produced in a certain area and with certain attributes. Although the Western Balkan countries are reach in well-known traditional products and have excellent ago-ecological conditions for GIs production, this quality schemes are not developed. In this paper are applied comparative methodology, literature review and field research. Results are showing that path to improvement GIs is in the further legal framework harmonization with EU legal framework, providing flexibility for registration of the GIs foodstuff processing capacities, support to the producer's organization, shifting of the national GIs recognition to the EU, systematic support to the GIs etc.

One of the main goals of the normative approach in the field of tourism development is a sustainable concept in tourism development. In this context, it is very interesting to look at the essence of the scientific and legal treatment of protected areas and the impact of tourism on the environment. The subject of analysis in the paper in the theoretical part was the relevant conceptual framework, and a brief elaboration of the scientific approach in the study of the characteristics and significance of tourism, natural values, protected natural assets, and protected areas in Serbia. In the research part of the paper, the subject of analysis was the legal treatment of protected areas, as well as the analysis of the impact of tourism on the environment, mostly determined by the network of primary and secondary impacts of tourism activities on elements and parameters of environmental quality. The purpose is to see the importance of protection and preservation of protected areas, and the pressures that the environment suffers due to tourism development, to emphasize the importance of timely understanding and assessment of the type and scope of impact of tourist activities on destination resources.

Food is imperative for biological survival. It is a necessity and a source of health and vitality if taken with the awareness of all the correlations between food and health and development. This paper aims to research the correlation between food, health, and longevity, and the factors in the chain of food safety and healthy food and diet to determine their role and significance and offer recommendations based on results and conclusions. Since children and adolescents are more likely to be affected by an unhealthy diet in the long term, their dietary habits were also researched. The paper identified the elements of importance for this problem - individuals, family, education system, media, food producers, state and international organizations. After analysis of the roles of all the elements and stakeholders in the chain of food safety and healthy diet, recommendations for each link in that chain were given.

Forms of environmental protection in the Republic of Serbia, as a rule, include administrative, misdemeanor and criminal law protection. This paper deals with general considerations of criminal law protection of the environment, its significance and position in the criminal legislation of the Republic of Serbia, and the effects of the competent judicial and other bodies on its suppression. The research includes basic national legal standards in the field of criminal law protection of the environment and their chronological correlation. The paper contains an empirical research of statistical indicators within which the correlation of reported, accused and convicted persons (outcome of criminal proceedings) for crimes against the environment during the time period from 2006 to 2017 in the Republic of Serbia was investigated.

The domestic agro-food sector has an important role in economic development and in overall GDP growth. The concept of Agriculture 4.0 that integrates the use of information-communication technologies presents a direction in which the domestic agriculture sector should focus. Additionally, besides conducting business within the frameworks of Agriculture 4.0, the standardization of processes in the agro-food sector can also contribute to achieving competitiveness on the globalized market. In this paper the importance and number of ISO standards are investigated. In addition, factors and indicators that characterize Agriculture 4.0 are analysed. Based on the collected and analysed data, a unified competitiveness factor (UCF) is calculated for the period from 2017 to 2020. The UCF provides and overview on the potential competitiveness of the domestic agro-food sector. The paper contributes to the existing body of literature as it managed to provide a strong basis for future research in this domain.

The aim of the paper is to consider and analyze the impact of subsidies levels and other economic and general factors on the farmers' decision to insure their crops. The paper applies the model of logistic regression in order to determine the statistically significant influence of certain factors on the decision of farms. The subject of the research is general and economic data from agricultural holdings in the FADN sample in Serbia for 2018. The sample includes farms that deal with specialist field crops, specialist grazing livestock and mixed crops-livestock production. The survey was conducted on a sample of 819 households, of which 99 households reported insurance costs (12.1%). The results of the research show that with higher subsidy level the probability that farms will insure their production reduces. On the other hand, with an increase of economic size and farm net value added per annual working unit the probability that farms will be insured also increases.

The goal of this paper is to provide a comprehensive overview of application of multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) methods in papers from the field of ecotourism and sustainable tourism. A search has been done of the relevant terms in titles, abstracts and keywords found in papers from 26 prominent journals from the field of tourism belonging in Web of Science (WoS) Clarivate Analytics. It has been established which MCDM methods were used and who are the most common authors of such papers. A keyword frequency analysis was also performed. It is established there are 39 papers in the field of ecotourism and sustainable tourism where MCDM methods were applied whereby all were published after the year 2000, as well as that their number is constantly increasing.

The Osijek-Baranya County at the East part of Croatia, generally is known as lowland region in whose economy agriculture and food industry are of great importance. Eastern Croatia abounds in various traditional products, mainly based on smoked pork. The goal of this paper is to identify consumers' attitudes and behavior towards East Croatia traditional food products (TFP). Furthermore, the model for market power evaluation of each East Croatia TFP is created according to consumers¨ preferences and attitudes results. The research was performed in Osijek-Baranya County in spring 2019. The sample was consisted of 500 randomly chosen respondents older than 18 via self-fulfilled questionnaire survey. In paper is used descriptive, parametric and non-parametric statistics. People in East Croatia have a positive attitude to TFP of their region. Survey results related to supply, quality, demand and price willingness are used to modelling coefficient for East Croatia TFP commercialization. This coefficient can help producers and policy makers to decide easier about the most perspective production from market point of view. According to the survey results, production of kulen, cottage cheese, ham, honey and sausages are the most promising.

Security management does not make strategic decisions, but it significantly influences their decision-making by providing top management with information and assessments on the basis of which strategic goals are defined and operational decisions are made. The paper also discusses the economic consequences of corruption in the privatization of agricultural land. The subject of the paper is privatization - a litmus test that clearly shows the strength of the Government's commitment to implement comprehensive reforms, primarily due to the consequences it causes in terms of social status and, more importantly, cultural patterns and way of thinking of the population. With privatization, the new owners would very often launder the money gained from criminal activities or would be interested only in acquiring attractive real estate, but not in preserving the production program, which led to a large number of fired workers and destroyed companies.

The aim of this paper is to present application of different methods used for predicting bankruptcy of large agricultural and food companies in AP Vojvodina, as well as to determine which model is the most suitable for analyzing the companies from the observed sectors. The following three models were applied in the paper: Altman's Z'-score model, Kralicek DF indicators and Kralicek Quick test. The analysis included five companies from the agricultural sector and five companies from the food sector operating on the territory of AP Vojvodina in the period from 2015 to 2019. The results of the research based on the applied models showed that different conclusions can be made about the financial stability of the observed companies. Altman's Z'-score model provided the most rigorous forecast in terms of the bankruptcy risk, while the results of Kralicek DF indicators and Quick test are relatively similar.

The purpose of this paper is to provide insight into the role of reward-based crowdfunding in farm financing, with a focus on its likelihood of success. The study uses a sample of 1,566 projects from the Kickstarter platform between 2014 and 2020. We added the level of urbanisation and relative importance of agriculture in the country's economy to the basic elements to assess the importance of the crowdfunding. We run a logistic regression model to investigate factors that motivate investment decisions. We discovered a statistically significant negative correlation between the self-set campaign goal and project success, as well as a small positive impact of number of backers and a positive impact of the importance of agriculture in the country's economy on crowdfunding success. In an era of rapid innovation and the rise of social networks, this paper contributes to the current literature on the agri-food industry's reword-based crowdfunding approach.

The paper points out the maintenance of economic activity and stability of production even in the difficult conditions of the global crisis as a consequence of the pandemic. Especially in the conditions of a long-lasting crisis, caused by a pandemic of the virus, the business or social responsibility of companies in the agro-industrial sector of the economy is observed. The aim of this paper is that, in the conditions of business crisis, social responsibility represents the optimal attendance of companies from the observed activity, and thus to contribute to the sustainability of economic development. The main goal of the paper is that, even in the conditions of the great business crisis - caused by covid 19 virus, in all economic branches and especially food producers, the socially responsible behavior of companies in the agricultural complex does not disappear. The subject of the research is the business of the company "Agroprogres" i.e. the way and model of applying the concept of social responsibility in the conditions of a great and general business crisis and the adaptability of the company from the agro complex to new circumstances. Pursuant to the subject of the research the target group of employees was selected and a survey was conducted from the aspect of the level of social responsibility of the company. Analyzing the business of a particular company, many scientific methods were used to prove the basic hypothesis: the crisis caused by the pandemic did not reduce social responsibility during its duration, i.e. business in difficult conditions.

The subject of this paper is a research of state, processes, and conditions for the use of agricultural and food product trademark, both in Serbia and worldwide. During the period between 2015 and 2019, the agricultural food products were among the most represented classes of goods in terms of trademark applications, according to the Nice Classification of goods and services, both in our country and worldwide. The aim of this paper is to promote the competitiveness of the agricultural sector, with an emphasis on non-price competition forms such as the trademark application and protection, with a particular focus on international application and protection via the Madrid Agreement These forms of non-price competition could become the main promoters of the Serbian economy and the expression of the country's identity, given that the image of product quality indirectly projects to the country's reputation as well.