This paper aims to reflect on the composite configurations of work conditions and relations in the textile industry of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil, within the framework of the Brazilian particularities of the transition between Fordism and Toyotism. Therefore, guided by historical and dialectical materialism, and conducting a review of the literature, we relied on data produced by carrying out semistructured interviews with the industrial working class. From our field work, we noted that in the time span between the 1990s up to 2017, the textile industry of Rio Grande do Norte is going through a process of successive and intense changes in their modus operandi, geared specifically towards the organization and management of work causing, at the same time, repercussions for the entire working class. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...