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Lyme disease is the most commonly reported vectorborne disease in the United States (1) and is an economic burden for patients and society (2-4). As a notifiable disease, standard Lyme [...]

Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) is a major cause of illness and death worldwide (1,2). The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) classifies CDI as an urgent public health threat [...]

Lyme disease is a tickborne zoonosis caused by genospecies of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato that occur primarily in the Northern Hemisphere, including North America, Europe, and some countries in Asia [...]

Although Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) incidence is high in the United States, standard-of-care (SOC) stool collection and testing practices might result in incidence overestimation or underestimation. We conducted diarrhea surveillance among inpatients >50 years of age in Louisville, Kentucky, USA, during October 14, 2019–October 13, 2020; concurrent SOC stool collection and CDI testing occurred independently. A study CDI case was nucleic acid amplification test‒/cytotoxicity neutralization assay‒positive or nucleic acid amplification test‒positive stool in a patient with pseudomembranous colitis. Study incidence was adjusted for hospitalization share and specimen collection rate and, in a sensitivity analysis, for diarrhea cases without study testing. SOC hospitalized CDI incidence was 121/100,000 population/year; study incidence was 154/100,000 population/ year and, in sensitivity analysis, 202/100,000 population/ year. Of 75 SOC CDI cases, 12 (16.0%) were not study diagnosed; of 109 study CDI cases, 44 (40.4%) were not SOC diagnosed. CDI incidence estimates based on SOC CDI testing are probably underestimated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Little is known about the causes of enteric fever in Asia. Most cases are believed to be caused by Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi and the remainder by S. Paratyphi A. [...]