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The Enterobacter cloacae complex (ECC) is highly diverse; its many species and subspecies can be distinguished by using phenotypic methods or matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-offlight mass spectrometry. Whole-genome sequencing enables [...]

Few last-line antimicrobial agents effectively treat infections caused by New Delhi metallo-[beta]-lactamase (NDM)-producing Enterobacterales (1). Cefiderocol is a novel synthetic conjugate siderophore cephalosporin that is more stable against [beta]-lactamase hydrolysis [...]

The massive dissemination of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales poses a global threat to public health. Carbapenem antibiotics remain the last line of defense against highly resistant Enterobacterales. Carbapenemases have been identified in [...]

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV-2) has spread globally and strained health systems with an exponentially increasing number of acute respiratory failures (1). Because severe cases of respiratory distress [...]

Carbapenems are the last line antimicrobial drugs for treating infections caused by multidrug-resistant Enterobacterales. The global dissemination of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales (CPE; formerly known as carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae) pose a serious threat [...]

In Klebsiella pneumoniae bacteria, resistance to carbapenems results in 2 main mechanisms: the production of an extended spectrum [beta]-lactamase or plasmid-borne cephalosporinase associated with a decrease in permeability of the [...]

In Europe, evidence for the spread of extended-spectrum [beta]-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli from animals to humans via food is unclear (1). Few studies have been conducted in low- and middle-income [...]

Enterobacteriaceae are inhabitants of the intestinal flora J-J and are among the most common human pathogens, causing infections such as cystitis and pyelonephritis with fever, septicemia, pneumonia, peritonitis, meningitis, and [...]

Resistance of Klebsiella pneumoniae to carbapenems is mainly associated with acquired carbapenem-hydrolyzing β-lactamases (1). These β-lactamases can be metallo β-lactamases (IMP, VIM), expanded-spectrum oxacillinases (OXA-48), or Ambler class A enzymes [...]

Acinetobacter baumannii is a gram-negative organism that is increasingly recognized as a major pathogen causing nosocomial infections, including bacteremia and ventilator-associated pneumonia, particularly in patients admitted to intensive care units [...]

VEB-1 extended-spectrum [beta]-lactamase-producing Acinetobacter baumannii was responsible for an outbreak in hospitals in France. A national alert was triggered in September 2003 when 4 hospitals reported clusters of A. baumannfi [...]

To the Editor: During the past decade, nosocomial infections due to multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii have been described with increasing frequency, mostly in intensive care units (ICUs), resulting in therapeutic difficulties [...]

We compared extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli isolates from meat and fish, gut-colonized women, and infected patients in Cambodia. Nearly half of isolates from women were phylogenetically related to food-origin isolates; a subset had identical multilocus sequence types, extended-spectrum β-lactamase types, and antimicrobial resistance patterns. Eating sun-dried poultry may be an exposure route. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Klebsiella pneumoniaeisolates that produce carbapenemases (KPCs) are rapidly disseminating worldwide. To determine their genetic background, we investigated 16 blaKPC-2-harboring K. pneumoniae isolates from 5 countries. The isolates were multidrug resistant, possessed the blaKPC-2 gene, and differed by additional Beta-lactamase content. They harbored a naturally chromosome-encoded bla gene (blaSHV-1 [12.5%], blaSHV-11 [68.7%], or blaOKP-AVB [18.8%]) and several acquired and plasmid-encoded genes (blaTEM-1 [81.3%], blaCTX-M-2 [31.3%], blaCTX-M-12 [12.5%], blaCTX-M-15 [18.7%], and blaOXA-9 [37.5%]). The blaKPC-2 gene was always associated with 1 of the Tn4401 isoforms (a, b, or c). Tn4401 was inserted on different-sized plasmids that belonged to different incompatibility groups. Several blaKPC-containing K. pneumoniae clones were found: 9 different pulsotypes with 1 major (sequence type 258) and 7 minor distinct allelic profiles. Different clones harboring different plasmids but having identical genetic structure, Tn4401, could be at the origin of the worldwide spread of this emerging resistance gene. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To assess dissemination of OXA-23--producing strains of Acinetobacter baumannii, we obtained 20 carbapenemresistant, OXA-23--producing isolates from different regions. Their clonal relationship was assessed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and multilocus sequence typing. We identified 8 sequence types, including 4 novel types. All except 2 strains belonged to 2 main European clonal lineages. The blaOXA-23 gene was either located on the chromosome or on plasmids and associated with 4 genetic structures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]