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Integrating renewable energy sources (RES), such as photovoltaic (PV) systems, into power system networks increases uncertainty, leading to practical challenges. Therefore, an accurate photovoltaic (PV) power prediction model is required to provide essential data that supports smooth power system operation. Hence, the work presented in this paper compares and discusses the results of different machine learning (ML) techniques in predicting the power produced by the 300 MW Sakaka PV Power Plant in the north of Saudi Arabia. The validation of the presented work is performed using real-world operational data obtained from the specified solar farm. Several performance measures, including accuracy, precision, recall, F1 Score, and mean square error (MSE), are used in this work to evaluate the performance of the different ML approaches and determine the most precise prediction model. The obtained results show that the Support Vector Machine (SVM) with a Radial basis function (RBF) is the most effective approach for optimizing solar power prediction in large-scale solar farms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The use of renewable energy sources is becoming increasingly widespread around the world due to various factors, the most relevant of which is the high environmental friendliness of these types of energy resources. However, the large-scale involvement of green energy leads to the creation of distributed energy networks that combine several different generation methods, each of which has its own specific features, and as a result, the data collection and processing necessary to optimize the operation of such energy systems become more relevant. Development of new technologies for the more optimal use of RES is one of the main tasks of modern research in the field of energy, where an important place is assigned to the use of technologies based on artificial intelligence, allowing researchers to significantly increase the efficiency of the use of all types of RES within energy systems. This paper proposes to consider the methodology of application of modern approaches to the assessment of the amount of energy obtained from renewable energy sources based on artificial intelligence technologies, approaches used for data processing and for optimization of the control processes for operating energy systems with the integration of renewable energy sources. The relevance of the work lies in the formation of a general approach applied to the evaluation of renewable energy sources such as solar and wind energy based on the use of artificial intelligence technologies. As a verification of the approach considered by the authors, a number of models for predicting the amount of solar power generation using photovoltaic panels have been implemented, for which modern machine-learning methods have been used. As a result of testing for quality and accuracy, the best results were obtained using a hybrid forecasting model, which combines the joint use of a random forest model applied at the stage of the normalization of the input data, exponential smoothing model, and LSTM model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]