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Charge injection and conduction are fundamental phenomena that occur in dielectric materials when subjected to both low and high electric fields. This paper delves into the exploration of various conduction mechanisms, including space-charge-limited current (SCLC), Schottky charge injection, Poole–Frenkel, and hopping charge conduction, to elucidate the prevailing conduction mechanism in single and multilayer polyimide (PI)/SiO2 nanocomposite films across a range of temperatures. At elevated electric field strengths, the conduction behavior transitions from ohmic to exhibiting a non-linear current–voltage dependence. The investigation highlights that PI nanocomposite films display distinct conduction behaviors contingent on both the applied electric field and temperature conditions. The insights derived from this study provide valuable empirical groundwork and explanations for conducting current measurements in PI-based insulation systems, particularly in applications such as motor insulation for electric vehicles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]