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Present trends indicate that electrical vehicles (EVs) are favourable technology for road network transportation. The lack of easily accessible charging stations will be a negative growth driver for EV adoption. Consequently, the charging station placement and scheduling of charging activity have gained momentum among researchers all over the world. Different planning and scheduling models have been proposed in the literature. Each model is unique and has both advantages and disadvantages. Moreover, the performance of the models also varies and is location specific. A model suitable for a developing country may not be appropriate for a developed country and vice versa. This paper provides a classification and overview of charging station placement and charging activity scheduling as well as the global scenario of charging infrastructure planning. Further, this work provides the challenges and solutions to the EV charging infrastructure demand and deployment. The recommendations and future scope of EV charging infrastructure are also highlighted in this paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper addresses the integrated planning problem of a power network and the charging infrastructure of electric vehicles (EVs) for enhancing power system resilience under various extreme weather scenarios. The planning methodology determines the optimal joint expansion decisions while modeling the benchmark system operation under the n − k resilience criterion. The proposed coordinated planning framework is a robust two-stage/tri-level mixed-integer optimization model. The proposed robust joint planning model includes the construction plan in the first level, identifying the worst-case scenario in the second level, and optimizing the operation cost and load shedding in the final level. To solve this model, a duality-based column and constraint generation (D-CCG) algorithm is developed. Using case studies, both the robust sole transmission planning and joint planning models are demonstrated on the IEEE 30-bus and IEEE 118-bus power systems. Numerical simulations of the benchmark systems validate the effectiveness of the developed framework and the efficiency of the proposed solution approach. Simulation results show the superiority of the proposed robust integrated planning over the sole transmission planning model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, the ever-increasing charging demand of electric vehicles (EVs) imposes challenges on both power supply security and reliability in the distribution system. In this paper, an EV accommodation capability evaluation model of a distribution system, with high penetrations of flexible resources, is established. Firstly, according to the actual classifications of EVs and transportation rules, a Monte Carlo simulation is used to simulate the charging behaviors of EVs so as to obtain the relevant parameters of EV charging. Then, a coordinated charging optimization model for various types of EVs is proposed based on the charging characteristics of EVs. The presented model comprises a mixed-integer linear programming problem and a constrained optimization problem which are respectively solved by CPLEX (the Simplex method implemented in the °C programming language) and the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm. Last of all, a real-life distribution system in the coastal areas of China is served for demonstrating the feasibility and efficiency of the proposed approach. Moreover, the impacts of flexible resources, distribution network zoning rules, and EV growth on the EV accommodation capability of a distribution system are also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]