1. Opportunities for green hydrogen production with land-based wind in the United States.
- Author
-
Clark, Caitlyn E., Barker, Aaron, Brunik, Kaitlin, Kotarbinski, Matthew, Grant, Elenya, Roberts, Owen, King, Jennifer, Stanley, Andrew P.J., Bhaskar, Parangat, and Bay, Christopher
- Subjects
- *
SOLAR technology , *GREEN technology , *RENEWABLE energy costs , *HYDROGEN production , *CLEAN energy , *COST control , *ENERGY consumption , *SULFUR cycle - Abstract
Hydrogen (H 2) is an efficient energy carrier and storage mechanism that can supply both stationary and transport energy demand. Rapidly declining renewable energy generation costs; technology innovations in wind, solar, battery storage, and electrolysis; and a global push for more sustainable and secure energy have driven increased interest in green H 2 production. In this study, we develop an H 2 scenario analysis tool to assist in rapid, high-resolution insights into future, green H 2 pathways to achieve policy goals and market competitiveness. Using this tool, we estimate H 2 production and costs for U.S., off-grid scenarios given varying policy and cost scenarios from 2025–2035. Results indicate that achieving economically competitive green H 2 production (below $2/kg) is possible in 2030 with no policy incentives (one site achieves this target), while increasing policy support to include wind and green H 2 production tax credits enables widespread economic viability sooner, with sub-$2/kg LCOH targets achieved by 2025 and 51.7% of sites achieving this target by 2035. Maximizing policy support through prevailing wage and apprenticeship credit multipliers enable widespread economic viability, including sub-$1/kg of green H 2 by 2025 and even negative pricing by 2035. Regions with lowest LCOH values correspond to high wind resource areas and capacity factors. Achieving decarbonization goals with green H 2 depends on technology cost reductions and policy support, with a maximum average LCOH reduction of $3.10 between no and maximum policy support scenarios, and a maximum average LCOH reduction of $5.86 between current, conservative technology costs and 2035 projected technology cost assumptions. • A national analysis of LCOH from wind power for policy and technology cost scenarios. • Three site analyses to identify the drivers for LCOE and LCOH in hybrid plant design. • Software that develops performance and cost scenarios for hybrid power(-to-X) plants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF