1. Comprehensive powertrain modeling for heavy-duty applications: A study of plug-in hybrid electric bus.
- Author
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Gao, Zhiming, LaClair, Tim J., Nawaz, Kashif, Wu, Guoyuan, Hao, Peng, Boriboonsomsin, Kanok, Todd, Mike, Barth, Matt, and Goodarzi, Abas
- Subjects
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ELECTRIC motor buses , *PLUG-in hybrid electric vehicles , *TRAFFIC safety , *SUPERVISORY control systems , *ENERGY consumption , *ALGORITHMS - Abstract
[Display omitted] • A comprehensive model is developed to optimize PHEB powertrain efficiency. • The powertrain control algorithm includes charge- and discharge-dominant controls. • A CEED database enables rapid selection of an optimal powertrain operating state. • Energy savings by the control strategy were 10%–30% compared with the baseline HEV. • The powertrain control algorithm has been implemented into a prototype hybrid bus. A comprehensive forward-looking powertrain model with an efficiency-based control strategy was developed to achieve real-time optimization of plug-in hybrid electric buses while considering the real vehicle drivability and the practical operation of all powertrain components under real driving conditions. The control strategy is based on a supervisory control algorithm that alternately employs charge-dominant control and discharge-dominant control to manage multiple powertrain sources, and enable an optimal overall efficiency-based powertrain operation state by maximizing the inherent optimal powertrain efficiency through best all transmission gear choice and the blend of motor and/or engine power. In the model, a component energy efficiency database was developed to rapidly enable an smart and optimal operating state determined from a set of efficiency maps characterizing the component and powertrain control states as a function of the instantaneous vehicle operational condition. The results revealed that the energy savings achieved with the innovative powertrain control improved by 10%–30% compared with the baseline hybrid powertrain control strategy. The benefits of eco-driving with respect to energy consumption were also evaluated using the powertrain model. The powertrain control model was implemented into a real hybrid bus. Measured energy savings with the optimized control strategy were similar to the simulated results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
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