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Abstract: This paper examines the relationship between the number and energy consumption of devices in the course video construction system, the relations between the functions and power consumption of the devices, the mode of pioneering traditional construction, and the energy consumption of recording and broadcasting systems. It also presents a scheme for constructing course video resource systems by defining the functional requirements on the basis of the purpose that the systems are intended to serve. Moreover, this paper proposes identifying energy-saving measures in the functional setting of constructed systems. An integrated energy-saving course video resource construction system has been developed (a Chinese patent, No. ZL 2011 2 0015694.8, has been obtained), and data are used to illustrate the energy-saving results of the integrated energy-saving video resource construction system in comparison with existing systems. On this basis, further energy-saving measures are recommended to the integrated system. Such measures include the energy-saving techniques of activating the monitor from the standby mode upon touching the handle, monitoring traffic in the hard disk recorder, and using an energy-saving management chip to improve the working efficiency of the switch power supply. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: In the previous study papers the change of the total energy intensity is decomposed to the structure factor and the efficiency factor, not considering the household energy factor, because GDP are not made only by household energy. Household energy is about ten percents in the total energy consumption and the household energy of unit GDP are always being decreased. In this paper the change of the total energy intensity is decomposed to the structure adjustment factor, the efficiency factor and the household energy factor. The result of decomposition shows the efficiency factor contribute most to the reduction of total energy intensity from 1985 to 2007, the household energy factor the next, and structure adjustment factor the last. The result of decomposition also explains the causation of the abnormal ascending of total energy intensity from 2002 to 2005. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: The Kansai Electric Power Co., Inc. (KEPCO) has developed energy efficient chemical absorbents and economical processes which aim to reduce the cost of CO2 capture, in collaboration with Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. (MHI). Together the companies have been developing and critically testing high efficiency, economical absorbents according to the latest absorbent development procedures and process simulation for CO2 capture processes. This work has been ongoing since 1991, using several Japan based R&D facilities and a pilot plant, used to verify improvements, located at Nanko Power Station in Osaka, Japan. Following significant testing of a range of absorbents in the mid 1990s, KS-1TM, KS-2 and KS-3 were developed. Based on subsequent rigorous evaluation of the three solvents, KS-1TM was selected for commercialization because of its overall technical and economical merits. During long-term pilot plant testing, the improved absorbents demonstrated superior performance in relation to the regeneration energy requirements leading to the following results: 2.94 MJlkg- CO2 in combination with KS-1TM” and the Kansai Mitsubishi Carbon Dioxide Recovery (KM-CDR ProcessTM) commercial process. In addition, practical, commercially applicable improved absorbent properties such as low corrosiveness and low solvent consumption were also confirmed. KEPCO and MHI continue development work in this area and the current status is summarized as follows: The highly successful R&D phase has led to the commercial deployment of CO2 capture technology and seven (7) commercial CO2 capture plants are currently under operation, with a maximum CO2 capture capacity of 450 metric tons per day (tpd). These commercial plants are deployed in the chemical and fertilizer industry, where the operational performance is assisting in the improved development of R&D concepts. Two (2) further commercial plants are under construction, with commissioning expected in Q3 2010. For further cost reductions in relation to CO2 capture, recent work has focused on developing new energy efficient chemical absorbents and processes. Following modifications to the Nanko CO2 capture pilot plant a new “Energy Saving Process”, was developed, which leads to a greater than 10% steam consumption reduction over the MHI conventional process using KS-1TM absorbent. Additionally the same reduced steam consumption was recorded for tests using the KS-1TM absorbent. A thermal energy requirement of less than 2.5 MJ/kg- CO2 in combination with KS-1TM and the “New Energy Efficient Process” has been confirmed under the optimum operation condition of the CO2 capture process. In addition to select new absorbents which feature the best profile and fit to the actual operating condition, KEPCO and MHI have intensively evaluated vapor-liquid equilibrium (VLE) and reaction kinetics for a range of newly developed absorbents and their performance is presented in this paper. The above data was obtained using the Nanko CO2 capture pilot plant which operates under a natural gas fired boiler condition and we expect that the thermal energy requirement of coal fired boiler flue gas (with greater CO2 concentration condition) will be further reduced. KEPCO and MHI are continuing pilot tests for the “Energy Saving Process”, leading to the application of this new process in commercial CO2 capture plant design. This paper introduces and presents the current status of the KEPCO & MHI CO2 capture technology and concepts for future energy reduction improvements. The paper will also include test results in relation to newly developed absorbents, and the “New Energy Efficient Process”, which have enhanced the performance and reduced the associated energy penalty of the CO2 capture process. KEPCO and MHI are continuing the development of efficient absorbents and optimized processes, thus helping to facilitate the future wide scale deployment of CO2 capture technology as an effective counter measure against global warming. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

The household sector has become the second largest consumer of final energy, ranking only next to the industrial sector in China. Except for the direct energy consumption of household sector, people's consumption activities also indirectly affect the energy consumption of multiple production sectors. This paper investigates the direct and indirect impact of household consumption activities on energy consumption in China from the consumers’ lifestyle perspective based on the input-output analysis. The results show that China's energy consumption caused by household consumption activities in 2012 accounts for 24.7% of the total finial energy consumption. The indirect energy consumption of household consumption activities is 1.35 times more than the direct energy consumption. Residential activities cause the most indirect energy consumption, while the smelting and pressing industry of ferrous metal is the most energy-consuming industrial sector influenced by household consumption. We also find that the low-carbon pattern and accelerated technological advance can reduce the indirect energy consumption effectively by scenario analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Recently, the concept of net zero energy buildings has become a major topic in the R&D work on future buildings. In order to achieve a zero energy balance on annual level energy saving and energy efficiency measures have to be fully exploited. However, a demand for active heating and/or cooling will remain in most buildings and under most climatic conditions. Solar energy is the main on-site renewable energy source which can be used to achieve a high fraction of renewable energies to cover the remaining energy demand in buildings. Main energy needs in buildings are due to heating and/or cooling, depending on local climatic conditions and type of building. In this paper principle ways of covering part of the demand for heating, cooling and domestic hot water by using solar technologies are discussed and a design study of a solar thermally driven heating and cooling system for a virtual hotel is presented. A model of the same hotel has been investigated under various climatic conditions in order to study the impact of sizing of key components on the overall performance. In addition an analysis of economic performance is presented for the example of the location Malta in Mediterranean Sea. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: In this paper the comparison between the performance of a cross flow heat exchanger in wet and dry operation for air handling process has been investigated. In addition, a case study of application of the component to perform indirect evaporative cooling in a AHU was studied with the software TRNSYS.Using experimental data and an appropriate analytical method, energy saving performances of the system has been evaluated through the entire cooling season for a typical Mediterranean site. Results show that high energy saving potential can be obtained if the component is operated in wet operation in term of reduction of electricity consumption. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: This study is another step of a long-term work in order to study the thermal behaviour of extensive green roofs in dry Mediterranean Continental climate. In this paper there are two main goals. On one hand, the possibility of using rubber crumbs as a drainage layer in green roofs, substituting the porous stone materials used in some commercial solutions is studied. On the other hand, new data concerning the use of green roofs as passive system for energy savings in dry Mediterranean Continental climate is provided. First results correspond to summer 2011, when the roof was just planted and the irrigation system installed. The vegetation cover in those days was about 20% of the roof surface. With an internal set-point of 24°C first results show an improvement in energy consumption with respect to the reference cubicle. New data will be recorded during 2012 when the vegetation has developed and it is expected better results than in 2011. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: The paper introduced design flow chart and algorithm. By inputting solar hot water load, meteorology, solar fraction, system type, water tank volume etc., the software calculated the system annual energy saving benefit, the result was compared with Polysun software and analyzed. According to recent years’ testing date of National Center for Quality Supervision and Testing of Solar Heating System (Beijing), more than one hundred collectors were simulated to promote the solar collector energy efficiency certification. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: For various reasons, sustainability today is producing an important and interesting approach between architecture and the environment. This is taking place in forms and with different degrees of intensity. Within the challenges of energy crisis and climatic changes architects started to develop new approaches to address the quest of energy demands in buildings. One of these approaches is façade greening which started to take an important place in the last 10 years, it''s not considered a new innovation, where applying green facade is not a new concept; however it has not been approved as an energy saving method for the built environment. Vertical greening can provide a cooling potential on the building surface, which is very important during summer periods in hot climates. The cooling effect of green facades has also an impact on the inner climate in the building by preventing warming up the façade. Within this quest, this paper is focused on the analysis of the effect of green facades systems on the building temperature and addressing different types of green facades systems and their thermal effect. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: This paper analyzed the general month distribution of moisture load and solar radiation in the high humidity regions, and then calculated the monthly average solar radiation energy and the moisture load, so as to obtain the seasonal match between energy and load. After analyzing the relationship between humidity and PMV, it showed that solar energy can be used to dehumidify to raise indoor comfort in the transition season of the high humidity area. By using solar energy, it can reduce primary energy consumption, save energy, lower energy consumption and reduce pollutants discharge. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: The negative effects of energy consumption and pollution have restrained the Chinese economy from further rapid growth. Therefore to clarify their relationship with economic growth can lay a solid foundation for the decision-making of energy conservation and pollution reduction and ensure the sustainable development of the Chinese economy. Using panel data on the 30 Chinese provinces from 2001 to 2008, this paper builds a 3E model of pollution, energy and production and conducts an empirical study on the interaction between pollutant emission, energy consumption and average GDP. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: The total installed capacity of electric power generating in India is170288MW. The maximum demand during summer is 8000MW, during winter is 5500MW and during monsoon is 7000MW. The power generation is always less than the required demand. The power shortage varies from 2000MW to 4000MW. The gap between the generation and demand is to increase the generation capacity. But in developing country like India, it is not possible to install more capacity instantly. So the other important way to reduce the gap is energy conservation. In this paper it was proposed to implement energy conservation through energy efficiency and energy management. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Sustainable energy has turned into one of the most promising ways to handle the challenges of energy demand problems of numerous consumers worldwide. Myanmar''s energy consumption mainly depends upon traditional energy such as fuel wood, charcoal and biomass. The government had laid the energy policy guidelines and emphasized in renewable energy resources to replace traditional energy types. Although domestic conventional energy sources such as oil and natural gas have been increasing a little bit through discoveries and development, these does not satisfy the demand of the country. In this paper, the energy utilization and the present sustainable energy status are mentioned. Following that, completed projects by each sector are provided. The future plan for energy conservation is finally highlighted. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: This paper is aimed at the analysis of the energy saving technologies and management policies in chemical industry. It describes the current situation, anticipates the future trend of energy consumption, analyzes the problems in energy saving technologies and management, and offers corresponding measures. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: This paper decomposes Jiangsu energy consumption intensity change from 1998-2008. And the energy consumption intensity is decomposed into FDI scale effect, FDI structure effect and FDI technology effect, using LMDI model. Decomposition and analysis results show that FDI scale effect reduces the energy consumption intensity. FDI structure and technology effect fluctuates and do not promote the reduction of energy consumption intensity, on the whole. Therefore, to reduce the energy consumption intensity of Jiangsu Province, we suggest that while expanding FDI scale, we should adopt unified energy-saving and emission-reducing requirements to FDI enterprises and domestic ones. Meanwhile, we should increase the foreign investment proportion in the technology-intensive industries and encourage FDI enterprises to use and exchange advanced energy-saving technologies. Moreover, we should adjust the distribution industry structure of FDI to optimize the industrial structure adjustment. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Zhejiang is a major province of energy consumption, but poor in energy resources. The inherent and complete dependence on importing energy makes energy security extremely difficult, which draws more attention to the energy conservation in Zhejiang. A great many factors of which the relations are complex affect the energy conservation. By introducing System Dynamics analysis, which has a unique advantage of analyzing the multiple and complex feedback system, this paper aims to analyze energy conservation in Zhejiang, and finally comes to some conclusions of values towards governments’ policies. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Most of the household appliance energy efficiency label is considered qualified level of energy efficiency index of how to limit the power consumption of the household appliances, rarely consider reducing the power consumption of competitive advantage for the household appliance. This is the first Low-carbon Economic Development from the perspective given the implementation appliance energy efficiency label of Game Theory in this paper. The household appliance enterprises use market mechanism to guide economic development model from the perspective of lowcarbon building scientific and effective energy conservation, sound development of mechanisms to protect the environment. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Although EPC has been used in energy conservation for many years in developed countries, its still a new industry in China. This paper reviews the development of ESCos in developed countries and discusses the current status of ESCO industries in China. Then it analyses the benefits and drawbacks of different EPC mode and an implementation program of energy-efficient lighting in a university is proposed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Based on the definition of carbon footprint and elements that affect it, a model was constructed for empirical research, using data of cities in Hunan Province from 2005 to 2009, to calculate the amount of carbon footprint and to analyze the relationships between carbon footprint and each of the elements, including population, level of economic development, industrial structure and energy structure. In addition, this paper also puts forward solutions to further low-carbon development of Hunan Province in the areas of low-carbon development mechanism energy structure low carbon life style and talent development. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: This paper uses two methods LMDI and Laspeyres to analysis the influences the industrial structure has on energy consumption,including how much the three industries have contribution to energy intensity .The results we conclude are:1) Economy has a strong stimulating effect on energy consumption;2)The effect of improving energy efficiency by using science and technology is significant in Guangdong province, especially in the secondary industry; 3) The secondary industry plays a positive role in reducing energy intensity, and the advantages of the tertiary industry isn’t displayed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: This article evaluated the energy effeciency in Hebei Province using some indicators such as comprehensive energy consumption, efficiency of energy transformation. Then it makes a comparative analysis about the HeBei Province''s status in the country''s energy conservation. The final part of the paper predicts energy consumption indicators in HeBei province from 2009 to 2013. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: The study is reported on the effect of psychological, family and contextual factors on residential energy use behaviour. A survey of 1376 residents was carried out in Dalian, a coastal city in the northeast of China. Results show that energy concern, biospheric value, barriers to behaviour, money saving and personal norm are the most powerful predictors for residential energy use behaviour. It is of Chinese characteristics that the aged has a positive impact on household energy conservation. The paper argues that government and society should make effective instruments to guide residents live in a low carbon lifestyle. © 2011 Published by Elsevier Ltd. Selection and peer-review under responsibility of RIUDS [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Due to the pressure of the global energy resources and the environment, the sustainable development of economy in China faces seriously challenge, the mode of economic growth has to be changed urgently. Nowadays, China is at a rapidly increasing stage of industrialization and urbanization which has the obvious characteristics of the heavy-duty industry. A lot of energy requirement have been brought because of the infrastructure construction and the upgrading people''s consumption level. This paper analyzed the characteristics of China''s economic transition stage, the current industrial energy-saving features, the obtained achievement and the existing problems. Then, a solution of industrial energy-saving has been put forward during China''s economic transformation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: This paper takes Jiangsu province as an example, divides the zone of energy risks and uses GM (1, 1) and the combination of BP network model to forecast energy demand in this region.Finally, we adopt ARCEngine secondary development achieving the system simulation, and putting forward a strategic suggestion on energy problem of Jiangsu province. The study provides the scientific data support for making energy policy rationally, reducing the increasingly prominent phenomenon of energy demand and offer support for different levels in different departments. It can provide the scientific basis for risk prevention and comprehensive risk management plan. © 2011 Published by Elsevier Ltd. Selection and peer-review under responsibility of RIUDS [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: To make the deployment of carbon capture possible, it is highly needed to develop original solutions that induce low energy penalty and that are easy to operate. This paper aims at presenting the DMX™ process developed at IFP Energies nouvelles based on special solvents which are characterized by the formation of two immiscible phases for given temperature and CO2 loading conditions. The concept of demixtion is briefly described in terms of physico-chemical properties, its interest and all required steps for appropriate process development are discussed. The corresponding process is presented and a technico-economic analysis is given. It is shown than one can reach a reboiler duty as low as 2.1 GJ/t CO2 which is significantly lower than the 3.7 GJ/t CO2 of the 30wt.% MEA reference process. It is also discussed that the energy consumption at reboiler cannot be the only parameter to consider for comparison with other processes and some further information about the DMX™ process are given. Operational issues are particularly discussed. In that sense, the performances of the DMX-1TM solvent in terms of degradation and corrosion are shown. Similarly a particular focus is made on the liquid/liquid separation which is a key aspect of the DMX™ process. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]