1. Optimal allocation of HVDC interconnections for exchange of energy and reserve capacity services
- Author
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Pierre Pinson and Stefanos Delikaraoglou
- Subjects
Electricity markets ,Economics and Econometrics ,Mathematical optimization ,High voltage direct current (HVDC) ,Reserve requirement ,Linear programming ,Transmission capacity allocation ,Computer science ,020209 energy ,0211 other engineering and technologies ,Stochastic programming ,02 engineering and technology ,Bilevel optimization ,Market structure ,Electric power system ,Procurement ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,SDG 7 - Affordable and Clean Energy ,Flexibility (engineering) ,021103 operations research ,Bilevel programming ,Reserve capacity ,General Energy ,Modeling and Simulation - Abstract
The increasing shares of stochastic renewables bring higher uncertainty in power system operation and underline the need for optimal utilization of flexibility. However, the European market structure that separates energy and reserve capacity trading is prone to inefficient utilization of flexible assets, such as the HVDC interconnections, since their capacity has to be ex-ante allocated between these services. Stochastic programming models that co-optimize day-ahead energy schedules with reserve procurement and dispatch, provide endogenously the optimal transmission allocation in terms of minimum expected system cost. However, this perfect temporal coordination of trading floors cannot be attained in practice under the existing market design. To this end, we propose a decision-support tool that enables an implicit temporal coupling of the different trading floors using as control parameters the inter-regional transmission capacity allocation between energy and reserves and the area reserve requirements. The proposed method is formulated as a stochastic bilevel program and cast as mixed-integer linear programming problem, which can be efficiently solved using a Benders decomposition approach that improves computational tractability. This model bears the anticipativity features of a transmission allocation model based on a pure stochastic programming formulation, while being compatible with the current market structure. Our analysis shows that the proposed mechanism reduces the expected system cost and thus can facilitate the large-scale integration of intermittent renewables.
- Published
- 2018
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