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Resumen Objetivo Analizar los determinantes que influyen en la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud de las personas que viven con el VIH en Alicante (Espana). Metodos Se realizo un estudio descriptivo transversal que recluto a 214 participantes castellanoparlantes mayores de 18 anos con VIH atendidos en consultas externas de la Unidad de Enfermedades Infecciosas de un hospital de Alicante entre 2013 y 2014. Se autoadministro un cuestionario sociodemografico y el cuestionario sobre calidad de vida relacionado con la salud Short-Form-36 (SF-36v2) que mide la salud en 8 dimensiones. Resultados El 70% de los entrevistados eran varones, el 50% presentaba cifras de linfocitos CD4+ entre 200 a 499 cel./mm3. El 20% estaba coinfectado por el virus de la hepatitis C (VHC). Para las 8 dimensiones del SF-36v2, las puntuaciones medias fueron superiores a 45. Los hombres presentaron mejores puntuaciones que las mujeres en todas las dimensiones a excepcion de la salud general, siendo estadisticamente significativos. La coinfeccion con VHC y una peor situacion laboral resultaron con una menor puntuacion en el componente sumario fisico, mientras que estar casado o tener pareja se asocio significativamente con una mayor puntacion en el componente sumario mental. Conclusion El nivel socioeconomico y la presencia de factores clinicos como la coinfeccion por el VHC influyen en las dimensiones de calidad de vida de la salud fisica en los adultos que viven con VIH.

The accurate diagnosis of HIV infection demands that to consider a positive result, at least three assays with different antigenic base should be used, one of them, Western-Blot being mandatory for confirmation. Fourth generation ELISAs shorten the window phase to 13-15 days, as they now include p24 antigen detection. Proviral DNA or Viral RNA detection by molecular methods have proved useful for addressing complex situations in which serology was inconclusive. Viral load (HIV-RNA) is routinely used to follow-up HIV infected patients and is used for treatment initiation decisions. It is also used to monitor viral failure. When this happens, resistance tests are needed to guide treatment changes. Resistance is also used to assess the transmission of drug resistance to newly diagnosed patients. Finally, before using an anti-CCR5 drug, viral tropism needs to be determined. This can be done using genotypic tests, widely available in many HIV labs, or phenotypic tests, only available at certain sites.

The accurate diagnosis of HIV infection demands that to consider a positive result, at least three assays with different antigenic base should be used, one of them, Western-Blot being mandatory for confirmation. Fourth generation ELISAs shorten the window phase to 13-15 days, as they now include p24 antigen detection. Proviral DNA or Viral RNA detection by molecular methods have proved useful for addressing complex situations in which serology was inconclusive. Viral load (HIV-RNA) is routinely used to follow-up HIV infected patients and is used for treatment initiation decisions. It is also used to monitor viral failure. When this happens, resistance tests are needed to guide treatment changes. Resistance is also used to assess the transmission of drug resistance to newly diagnosed patients. Finally, before using an anti-CCR5 drug, viral tropism needs to be determined. This can be done using genotypic tests, widely available in many HIV labs, or phenotypic tests, only available at certain sites.