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Resumen Objetivo Conocer el estado de los principales resultados de salud de los pacientes oncohematologicos durante su ingreso y evaluar algunas de sus intervenciones enfermeras. Material y metodos Estudio prospectivo observacional realizado en las unidades de oncohematologia del Hospital Morales Meseguer, con pacientes que precisaron ingreso entre marzo de 2006 y junio de 2007. Resultados Se estudiaron a 56 pacientes. El 69,6% (39 pacientes) presentaba algun nivel de mucositis, apareciendo valoraciones enfermeras objetivas en el 10,7% (6). El 92,9% (52) de los pacientes estaba bajo tratamiento antiemetico, pero en el 48,2% (27) no se recoge ningun tipo de registro de valoracion enfermera del sintoma. Se realizo interconsulta a la Unidad de Nutricion para 10 pacientes (17,9%). Los niveles de ansiedad y el impacto psicosocial descienden a lo largo de la estancia hospitalaria, sin embargo, aumenta la satisfaccion y los familiares presentan mayor sobrecarga. Aparecio una ulcera por presion (UPP). Hubo un 8,2% (4) de colonizaciones de cateter y se produjeron 5 bacteriemias relacionadas con cateter (BRC); las obstrucciones de estos se produjeron en el 39,3% (22). Conclusiones La incidencia de aparicion de mucositis, UPP y BRC es menor que en otros estudios. El proceso de valoracion del dolor y de las nauseas y vomitos no esta normalizado. La ansiedad muestra unos niveles inferiores a otros estudios. Su mejoria, al igual que en el ajuste psicosocial, apunta a un proceso de adaptacion a la enfermedad. El aumento de la sobrecarga del cuidador se relaciona con el largo proceso. Su satisfaccion frente a los cuidados enfermeros ha alcanzado 55 puntos de la escala, cuyo nivel maximo es de 70.

Resumen Objetivo Conocer la experimentacion y el consumo de tabaco, las actitudes, creencias y consumo en el entorno de 4 grupos de escolares de 1.° de ESO cercanos geograficamente. Identificar los factores asociados a la experimentacion y consumo de tabaco en cada uno de los grupos de estudiantes de 1.° ESO. Material y metodo Estudio observacional, descriptivo, transversal y multicentrico en 4 institutos de ensenanza secundaria de Murcia. Se estudiaron en enero de 2005 los alumnos de 1. de ESO. Las variables estudiadas fueron recogidas mediante el cuestionario FRISC modificado. Resultados Se reclutaron 377 alumnos, 190 chicos, edad media 12,6 anos (desviacion estandar = 0,6). Habian fumado en alguna ocasion entre el 15,3 (en una poblacion) y el 42,1 % (en la que mas). Consumian habitualmente entre el 2 y el 6,9%. Estas diferencias se relacionaron con las caracteristicas socioeconomicas (“vivir con la madre”, p = 0,049; “vivir con el padre”, p = 0,015) o el consumo del entorno (“madre”, p = 0,013; “amigos”, p Conclusiones Hay diferencias significativas entre las poblaciones estudiadas. Esto haria dificil la aplicacion efectiva de programas de prevencion institucionales sin una adaptacion a las caracteristicas del centro educativo.

To find out the socio-demographic and clinical profile of the patient with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD): characteristics, state of health, situation of disease and social resources.A descriptive, longitudinal and prospective study, in the Morales Meseguer and Reina Sofía Hospitals in Murcia (Spain), was performed between June 2007 and April 2008. The inclusion criteria was hospital admission due to COPD and patients with cognitive deterioration, a hospital stay30 days or2 days, or were institutionalised, were excluded. Socio-demographic, state of health and social variables were collected using the patient's clinical history and an interview during hospital stay and at discharge. The descriptive statistical analysis was carried out using SPSS v.15.A total of 143 patients were studied, of which 90.2% were males who had a mean age of 72.76 ± 8.04 years, 95.1% were in an inactive work situation and had a mean score on the social problem scale of 8.08 ± 2.1. Most were in a fragile state (71.3%), approximately half (44.8%) suffered heart disease as the main co-morbidity factor, and the impact of the disease on quality of life was 55.1 ± 19.01. The level of knowledge on the therapeutic regime was 3.13 ± 0.7. A total of 72% were independent for carrying out Basic Activities of Daily Living (BADL) after hospital discharge.Most of the population that suffers from COPD were elderly males, who were retired without social problems, with a high percentage of co-morbidity, an intermediate alteration in their quality of life, having a moderate level of knowledge about the therapeutic regime and were independent for BADL, but fragile.

To identify patterns of tobacco experimentation and consumption in 4 geographically close groups of students in the first year of secondary education, as well as attitudes and consumption in their social environments. To identify the factors associated with tobacco experimentation and consumption in each of the student groups.An observational, descriptive, cross-sectional, multicenter study was conducted in 4 secondary schools in the region of Murcia (Spain). The study population consisted of first graders in secondary education, recruited in January 2005. The study variables were collected using a modified version of the FRISC questionnaire.The study population was composed of 377 students (190 boys) with a mean age of 12.6 years (standard deviation [SD] = 0.6). Between 15.3% and 42.1% of the students had smoked at some time. Between 2% and 6.9% smoked regularly. These differences were related to socioeconomic characteristics ("living with the mother", p = 0.049; "living with the father", p = 0.015) and consumption in the environment ("mother", p = 0.013; "friends", p0.001; "teachers", p0.001). Multivariate analysis revealed an association between experimentation and receiving more than 6R per week pocket money, consumption among friends, experimenting with alcohol and not living in one of the towns studied.Significant differences were found among the towns studied. Application of standard preventive programs may prove ineffective unless they are adapted to the characteristics of the specific school.