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Nanoparticles (NPs) preparation using a green as well as environmentally acceptable processes has achieved a lot of attention in recent decade. The current study compared the synthesis of titania (TiO 2) nanoparticles synthesized from leaf extracts of two plant species (Trianthema portulacastrum , Chenopodium quinoa) and traditional approach by chemical preparation. The effects of no calcination on the physical characteristics of TiO 2 NPs as well as their antifungal effects were examined and compared with the already reported calcinated TiO 2 NPs. The produced TiO 2 NPs were evaluated using high-tech techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope, energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDX), and elemental mapping. TiO 2 NPs prepared by sol-gel technique (T1) and prepared from extractions from leaves of T. portulacastrum (T2), and C. quinoa (T3) were either calcinated or non calcinated and tested against fungal disease (Ustilago tritici) of wheat for antifungal efficacy. The -peak (2θ) at 25.3 was confirmed by XRD to be connected with the anatase (101) form in both cases but before calcination, NPs were lacking the rutile and brookite peaks. The results showed that all types of TiO 2 NPs examined had good antifungal activity against U. tritici , but those made from C. quinoa plant extract have good antifungal activity against disease. TiO 2 NPs which are produced by the green methods (T2, T3) have the highest antifungal activity (58%, 57% respectively), while minimal activity (19%) was recorded when NPs were synthesized using the sol-gel method (T1) with 25 μl/mL. Non calcinated TiO 2 NPs have less antifungal potential than calcined TiO 2 NPs. It can be concluded that calcination may be preferred for efficient antifungal activity when using titania nanoparticles. The green technology may be used on a larger scale with less damaging TiO 2 NP production and can be utilized against fungal disease on wheat crop to reduce crop losses worldwide. • Chemical and green methods were used for TiO 2 -NPs synthesis. • Size of NPs varied before calcination and after calcination. • Calcinated NPs have good antifungal potential against wheat disease than non-calcinated NPs. • Calcinated green synthesized NPs may be used for antifungal potential against Ustilago tritici. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]