1. Occurrence and Comparative Toxicity of Haloacetaldehyde Disinfection Byproducts in Drinking Water
- Author
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Clara H. Jeong, Elizabeth D. Wagner, Susana Y. Kimura, Pei Liang, Cristina Postigo, Damià Barceló, Susan D. Richardson, Jane Ellen Simmons, Michael J. Plewa, and Benito J. Mariñas
- Subjects
Portable water purification ,Acetaldehyde ,CHO Cells ,medicine.disease_cause ,Article ,Natural organic matter ,Water Purification ,Structure-Activity Relationship ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Cricetulus ,Cricetinae ,Tribromoacetaldehyde ,Toxicity Tests ,medicine ,Animals ,Environmental Chemistry ,Chloroacetaldehyde ,Mutagenicity Tests ,Chemistry ,Drinking Water ,Reproducibility of Results ,General Chemistry ,6. Clean water ,3. Good health ,Disinfection ,Environmental chemistry ,Toxicity ,Iodoacetaldehyde ,Genotoxicity ,DNA Damage ,Disinfectants - Abstract
The introduction of drinking water disinfection greatly reduced waterborne diseases. However, the reaction between disinfectants and natural organic matter in the source water leads to an unintended consequence, the formation of drinking water disinfection byproducts (DBPs). The haloace-taldehydes (HALs) are the third largest group by weight of identified DBPs in drinking water. The primary objective of this study was to analyze the occurrence and comparative toxicity of the emerging HAL DBPs. A new HAL DBP, iodoacetaldehyde (IAL) was identified. This study provided the first systematic, quantitative comparison of HAL toxicity in Chinese hamster ovary cells. The rank order of HAL cytotoxicity is tribromoacetaldehyde (TBAL) ≈ chloroacetaldehyde (CAL) > dibromoacetaldehyde (DBAL) ≈ bromochloroacetaldehyde (BCAL) ≈ dibromochloroacetaldehyde (DBCAL) > IAL > bromoacetaldehyde (BAL) ≈ bromodichloroacetaldehyde (BDCAL) > dichloroacetaldehyde (DCAL) > trichloroacetaldehyde (TCAL). The HALs were highly cytotoxic compared to other DBP chemical classes. The rank order of HAL genotoxicity is DBAL > CAL ≈ DBCAL > TBAL ≈ BAL > BDCAL > BCAL ≈ DCAL > IAL. TCAL was not genotoxic. Because of their toxicity and abundance, further research is needed to investigate their mode of action to protect the public health and the environment. more...
- Published
- 2015
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