1. Volatilization of Parathion and Chlorothalonil from a Potato Crop Simulated by the PEARL Model
- Author
-
Frederik van den Berg and Minze Leistra
- Subjects
Crops, Agricultural ,Canopy ,Time Factors ,Field experiment ,foliage ,soil ,Diffusion ,greenhouses ,Crop ,residues ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Nitriles ,Alterra - Centre for Water and Climate ,Environmental Chemistry ,Computer Simulation ,Wageningen Environmental Research ,Pesticides ,Solanum tuberosum ,degradation ,Volatilisation ,Parathion ,Chlorothalonil ,temporal dynamics ,General Chemistry ,Environmental exposure ,Pesticide ,fungicide fenpropimorph ,Models, Chemical ,chemistry ,measuring pesticide evaporation ,Environmental chemistry ,Environmental science ,Volatilization ,Alterra - Centrum Water en Klimaat - Abstract
The volatilization of pesticides from crop canopies in the field should be modeled within the context of evaluating environmental exposure. A model concept based on diffusion through a laminar air-boundary layer was incorporated into the PEARL model (pesticide emission assessment at regional and local scales) and used to simulate volatilization of the pesticides parathion and chlorothalonil from a potato crop in a field experiment. Rate coefficients for the competing processes of plant penetration, wash off, and phototransformation in the canopy had to be derived from a diversity of literature data. Cumulative volatilization of the moderately volatile parathion (31% of the dosage in 7.6 days) could be simulated after calibrating two input data derived for the related compound parathion-methyl. The less volatile and more slowly transformed chlorothalonil showed 5% volatilization in 7.6 days, which could be explained by the simulation. Simulated behavior of the pesticides in the crop canopy roughly corresponded to published data.
- Published
- 2007
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