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Abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate the association between carbamazepine (CBZ)-induced cutaneous adverse drug reactions (cADRs) and the HLA-B*1502 allele among patients from central China. Eight patients with Stevens–Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis (SJS/TEN), 28 with mild maculopapular eruptions (MPEs), 50 CBZ-tolerant controls, and 71 healthy volunteers were recruited. HLA genotyping was performed using the polymerase chain reaction sequence-based typing (SBT) method. As a result, the HLA-B*1502 allele was observed at the following rates: (1) 100% (8/8) among those with CBZ-induced SJS/TEN, (2) 10.7% (3/28) among those with CBZ-induced MPEs; (3) 8.0% (4/50) among CBZ-tolerant controls; (4) 8.5% (6/71) among healthy volunteers. The eight patients with SJS/TEN positive for the HLA-B*1502 allele had an odds ratio (OR) of 184 compared with CBZ-tolerant controls. There was no significant difference in frequency between patients with MPEs and CBZ-tolerant controls (P >0.05). Thus, CBZ-induced SJS/TEN, but not MPEs, is strongly associated with HLA-B*1502. Testing for HLA-B*1502 should be recommended for patients from central China prior to initial CBZ treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Previous studies have reported that patients with phenytoin-induced Stevens–Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis (PHT-induced SJS/TEN) were positive for HLA-B*1502. We genotyped two patients with PHT-induced SJS using both polymerase chain reaction with sequence-specific primers and sequencing. The results revealed that one patient from Henan Province had HLA-B*1501/B*5401, and the other patient from Guangdong Province had HLA-B*1502/B*4601. When this information was combined with the results from Taiwan and Hong Kong, a significant difference was observed in the presence of HLA-B*1502 between PHT-SJS and PHT-tolerant populations (35% vs 8%, P =0.001, OR=6.08, 95% CI=2.183–16.946). Additional studies in large samples are required to confirm the association between HLA-B*1502 and PHT-induced SJS/TEN. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]