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2. Development of an experimental set-up for the measurement of neutron-induced fission and capture cross sections of radioactive fissile nuclei

Author

G. Barreau, P. Schillebeeckx, S. Czajkowski, I. Tsekhanovich, F. Gunsing, Beatriz Jurado, A.J.M. Plompen, I. Companis, M. Aïche, L. Mathieu, J. Matarranz, Grégoire Kessedjian, J. Heyse, Q. Ducasse, Aval du cycle et Energie Nucléaire (ACEN), Centre d'Etudes Nucléaires de Bordeaux Gradignan (CENBG), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), and Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Physics, Range (particle radiation), [PHYS.NUCL]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Theory [nucl-th], Fissile material, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Fission, QC1-999, 020209 energy, Detector, 02 engineering and technology, Scintillator, 01 natural sciences, Linear particle accelerator, Nuclear physics, 0103 physical sciences, Ionization chamber, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Neutron, Nuclear Experiment, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

A new experimental set-up for a simultaneous measurement of neutron induced capture and fission cross sections was designed, assembled and optimized. The measurements will be performed at GEel LINear Accelerator (GELINA) neutron time-of-flight facility in Belgium, where neutron cross sections can be measured over a wide energy range with high energy resolution. The fission events detector consists of a dedicated multi-plate high efficiency fission ionization chamber (IC). The γ-rays produced in capture reaction are detected by an efficient array of C6D6 scintillators. Fission γ-rays events are distinguished from capture events by the anticoincidence signals from the IC and the C6D6 detectors. For the undetected fission events a correction has to be applied with respect to the efficiency of the IC that should be high and known with a high precision. Another important issue is the good separation between fission-fragment (FF) and the high alpha pile-up. The performances of the IC during test experiments are presented, focusing in particular on the detection efficiency.

Published
2013
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3. Neutron-induced cross sections of actinides via the surrogate-reaction method

Author

Magne Guttormsen, G. Barreau, Tamas Gabor Tornyi, V. Méot, I. Tsekhanovich, O. Roig, S. Czajkowski, M. Aiche, I. Companis, M. Lebois, Q. Ducasse, Ann-Cecilie Larsen, Olivier Serot, B. Jurado, F. Gunsing, F. Giacoppo, Andreas Görgen, Therese Renstrøm, P. Chau, L. Mathieu, Trine Wiborg Hagen, S. J. Rose, Gry Merete Tveten, G. Boutoux, Sunniva Siem, J. Matarranz, J.N. Wilson, and M. Wiedeking

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear reaction, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Work (thermodynamics), Isotope, Isotopes of uranium, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Chemistry, Fission, QC1-999, Nuclear data, Fizikai tudományok, Actinide, 01 natural sciences, Nuclear physics, medicine.anatomical_structure, Természettudományok, Direct component, 0103 physical sciences, medicine, Neutron, Atomic physics, 010306 general physics, Nucleus
Abstract

The surrogate-reaction method is an indirect way to determine cross sections for reactions that proceed through a compound nucleus. This technique may enable neutron-induced cross sections to be extracted for short-lived nuclei that otherwise cannot be measured. However, the validity of the surrogate method has to be investigated. In particular, the direct component of the surrogate reaction and the J π dependence of the decay probabilities may question the method. In this work we study the reactions 238 U(d,p) 239 U, 238 U( 3 He,t) 238 Np, 238 U( 3 He, 4 He) 237 U as surrogates for neutron-induced reactions on 238 U, 237 Np and 236 U, respectively, for which good quality data exist. The experimental set-up enabled the measurement of fission and gamma-decay probabilities. The first results are hereby presented.

Published
2013
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4. Measurement of neutron capture and fission cross sections of233U in the resonance region

Author

G. Boutoux, I. Companis, S. Czajkowski, L. Mathieu, I. Tsekhanovich, Beatriz Jurado, G. Barreau, V. Simutkin, B. Haas, M. Aïche, A.J.M. Plompen, Grégoire Kessedjian, P. Schillebeeckx, Aval du cycle et Energie Nucléaire (ACEN), Centre d'Etudes Nucléaires de Bordeaux Gradignan (CENBG), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Vernay, Emmanuelle

Subjects
[PHYS.NEXP] Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Fission, Chemistry, Physics, QC1-999, Nuclear Theory, Detector, [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Resonance (particle physics), Nuclear physics, Neutron capture, 0103 physical sciences, Ionization chamber, Neutron cross section, Neutron, Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics
Abstract

In the framework of studies concerning new fuel cycles and nuclear wastes incineration experimental data of the α ratio between capture and fission cross sections of 233 U reactions play an important role in the Th/U cycle. The safety evaluation and the detailed performance assessment for the generation IV nuclear-energy system based on 232 Th cycle strongly depend on this ratio. Since the current data are scarce and sometimes contradictory, new experimental studies are required. The measurement will take place at the neutron time-of-flight facility GELINA at Geel, designed to perform neutron cross section measurements with high incident neutron-energy resolution. A dedicated high efficiency fission ionization chamber (IC) as fission fragment detector and six C6 D6 liquid scintilators sensitive to γ-rays and neutrons will be used. The method, based on the IC energy response study, allowing to distinguish between gammas originating from fission and capture, in the resonance region, will be presented.

Published
2012
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5. Neutron-induced fission cross sections of short-lived actinides with the surrogate reaction method

Author

C. Grosjean, John P. Greene, Eric Bauge, Adrien Bidaud, J. N. Wilson, B. Jurado, M. Aiche, L. Perrot, R. Lucas, D. Dassié, A. Guiral, N. Carjan, S. Andriamonje, I. Ahmad, F. Santiamon, S. Czajkowski, M. Petit, S. Boyer, L. Mathieu, A. Hürstel, A. Billebaud, E. Bouchez, N. Capellan, E. Berthoumieux, D. Karamanis, Y. Lecoz, R. V. F. Janssens, L. Audouin, Grégoire Kessedjian, G. Barreau, Şerban Mişicu, B. Haas, Olivier Serot, Ch. Theisen, L. Tassan-Got, C. Rizea, F. Gunsing, Centre d'Etudes Nucléaires de Bordeaux Gradignan (CENBG), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Physique Nucléaire d'Orsay (IPNO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Département de Physique Nucléaire (ex SPhN) (DPHN), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), DAM Île-de-France (DAM/DIF), Direction des Applications Militaires (DAM), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne National Laboratory [Lemont] (ANL), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear transmutation, Fission, QC1-999, Gamma ray, [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], 7. Clean energy, Neutron temperature, Nuclear physics, Cross section (physics), Neutron cross section, Nuclear astrophysics, Neutron, Atomic physics
Abstract

Determination of neutron-capture cross sections of short-lived nuclei is opening the way to understand and clarify the properties of many nuclei of interest for nuclear structure physics, nuclear astrophysics and particularly for transmutation of nuclear wastes. The surrogate approach is well-recognized as a potentially very useful method to extract neutron cross sections for low-energy compound-nuclear reactions and to overcome the difficulties related to the target radioactivity. In this work we will assess where we stand on these neutron-capture cross section measurements and how we can achieve the short-lived Minor Actinides nuclei involved in the nuclear fuel cycle. The CENBG collaboration applied the surrogate method to determine the neutron-capture cross section of 233 Pa (T 1/2 = 27 d). The 233 Pa (n,γ ) cross section is then deduced from the measured gamma decay probability of 234 Pa compound nucleus formed via the surrogate 232 Th (3 He ,p) reaction channel. The obtained cross section data, covering the neutron energy range 0.1 to 1 MeV, have been compared with the predictions of the Hauser-Feshbach statistical model. The importance of establishing benchmarks is stressed for the minor actinides region. However, the lack of desired targets led us to propose recently the 174 Yb (3 He ,pγ ) reaction as a surrogate reaction for the (n,γ ) predetermined benchmark cross section of 175 Lu. An overview of the experimental setup combining gamma ray detectors such as Ge and C6D6 in coincidence with light charged particles Δ E-E Telescopes will be presented and preliminary results will be discussed.

Published
2010
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