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Introduction Salivary gland tumours (SGTs) are important parts of human neoplasms. The most common SGT is the pleomorphic adenoma (PA); and the most common malignant SGTs are mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) and adenoid cystic carcinoma(ADCC). T-helper-17 cells (Th17) are characterised with the ability to secrete cytokines including IL17A, IL17F, IL9, IL21, IL22, IL23, IL26 and TNF-α. Th17 cells play important role in inflammatory disease, infections, and cancers. This study aimed to investigate the role of Th17 in sera level of patients with SGTs. Material and methods The level of IL9,TNF-α, IL17A,IL17F, and IL21 were measured in the sera of 43 patients with malignant SGTs, 28 patients with benign SGTs, and 4 patients with inflammation in comparison with 25 healthy controls by using flow cytometry assays. The data were analysed by using Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests. Results and discussions The findings revealed the IL17A to have increased in SGTs compared with the healthy controls (p=0.009 and p=0.002, respectively). The serum level of IL17A increased significantly in MEC, ADCC and PA tumour types compare with the control group (p=0.001, p=0.050, p=0.002, respectively). There was no significant differen with other Th17 cytokines and groups with clinicopathological parameters. Conclusion The results showed that IL17A was significantly overexpressed in malignant and benign SGTs, suggesting that IL17A might be involved in carcinogenesis. It was concluded that IL17A could be a novel biomarker for distinguishing different malignant SGTs.

Introduction Interleukin-33 (IL-33) is a member of the IL-1 family of cytokines that has a dual-function which acts both as an extracellular alarming cytokine and an intracellular nuclear factor. Previous studies have shown that IL-33 play important role in induction of type-2 immune responses. In addition, this cytokine is intrinsically expressed in epithelial barrier tissues to maintain barrier function in normal conditions, and is released as a danger signal immediately after cellular damage or stress. Moreover, IL-33 helps tumour to evade from immune responses by promoting expansion and immunosuppressive effect of myeloid-derived suppressor cells. Material and methods 42 patients with malignant salivary gland tumours including mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC), adenoid cystic carcinoma (ADCC), acinic cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, malignant mixed tumour and 14 patients with pleomorphic adenoma (PA) as benign salivary gland tumour cases were enrolled in this study. Also, 28 healthy subjects were matched as the control group. Serum levels of IL-33 was measured by sandwich ELISA method. Results and discussions The mean concentrations of IL-33 in malignant, benign and healthy subjects were 6.73±2.97 pg/ml, 5.47±2.52 pg/ml and 5.26±5.89 pg/ml, respectively, which were significantly different (p=0.001). The serum levels of IL-33 were significantly increased in ADCC (8.07±4.59 pg/ml) and MEC (6.93±1.60 pg/ml) malignant salivary gland types compared with PA (5.47±2.52 pg/ml), (p=0.05 and p=0.009 respectively) and the control group (5.26±5.89 pg/ml) (p=0.003 and p=0.001 respectively). There were also positive and significant correlations between stage (p=0.005) and tumour size (p=0.024) of salivary gland tumour patients with IL-33 concentration. Conclusion According to our results, IL-33 could be suggested as a novel biomarker used to distinguish different types of salivary gland tumours.