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The focus of this paper is on how the state sets up discriminatory structures, how immigrants work out ways of managing those structures and how in this process they construct flexible and innovative identities. Two main issues are explored. The first is the relationship between state control and exclusion and immigrant resistance. The paper shows how, despite increased surveillance and digital nets mounted by European states to keep immigrants out of their territory, the British state is ambivalent towards irregular immigrants. At the same time, it is in the interstices of ambiguity that immigrants, by buying, renting and borrowing documents, have found ways through their networks and communities to resist or get around exclusionary and contradictory regulations. Second, the paper is concerned with the construction of innovative and flexible identities. The research reveals how immigrants occupy rebellious spaces and construct identities in difficult situations at the intersection of self and structure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

All non-citizens face risk of deportation, but a variety of factors unequally stratify this risk. To capture the range of formally unequal statuses produced by migration control systems, we introduce the concept of "differentiated legality." This paper applies this framework to analyze perceived deportation risk reported by 1,976 immigrants from a range of origin countries in the 2016–2017 Collaborative Multi-racial Post-election Survey. Findings show that unauthorized immigrants and immigrants with temporary authorized status worry more than naturalized citizens about being deported. Respondents who know someone who has been deported and who were interviewed in a language other than English express greater fear of deportation, even in models with controls. In addition, system embeddedness – i.e. perceived legibility to the state – may increase deportation fears, even among those with comparatively secure legal statuses. This paper is a significant contribution to understandings of citizenship, legality, and how immigrants experience deportability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper studies the dynamics of political mobilization of two transnational organizations – Assemblea Nacional Catalana and Marea Granate – formed by Spanish/Catalan migrants in different European cities. By conducting cross-organization and cross-city research, we analyze why and how migrants' transnational networks perceive themselves to be stronger in some cities and weaker in others. This paper demonstrates that there is no one-size-fits-all mechanism that explains perceived organizational strength in all contexts. The same urban context might provide different opportunities and constraints depending on organizational characteristics of migrant movements. Our study shows the ways that organizations' political agenda and their preferred action forms affect the perception of positionality as they navigate in different urban contexts with diverging national/local political settings, political cultures, civil society networks, and migration trajectories. The empirical data in this research stem from a content analysis of the events organized by the organizations and semi-structured in-depth interviews with organizations' representatives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Many migrant mothers residing in Paris find themselves in a situation marked by legal precarity, which causes them to be suspended between disparate possible futures for their families. This paper examines the case of one such mother. This paper proposes the notion of the "space of hesitation" to denote the way in which legal precarity creates a specific timespace for migrant mothers like Um Ahmed in which they perform their mothering. This timespace is at once marked by the juggling of multiple, disparate futures, and by the sense of a stand-still as it remains uncertain which of these possible futures will materialize. Um Ahmed therefore operates in a mode of hesitation as to what skills and cultural sensibilities she needs to cultivate in her children, and struggles with a profound self-doubt of her motherhood. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although mobility-related categorization processes are central to migration studies, the ways that mobile populations understand, adapt, or contest them remain understudied. To trace such interpretations across both space and time, this paper explores a migrant trajectory that first crossed national borders within Africa before continuing to Brazil and later proceeding to Canada. The research combines ethnographic insights with the autobiographic reflections of one protagonist, whose perspectives and experiences move between different places, countries, institutions, people, and critical events. Following that individual’s learning processes, this article traces which categories were meaningful in the context of origin, how these changed in the interaction with different authorities, how transformative events played into valorizations, and which signs of categorical dissolution were recognizable during these trajectories. A biographical learning perspective sees not only the aspirations and the ideals but also the pragmatism and skepticism around the impact of mobility-related categories change along such journeys. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Does perceived discrimination and exclusion promote or hinder support for democracy among immigrants? While many studies investigate the drivers of prejudice and discrimination toward immigrants, relatively less is known about the impact of discrimination on immigrants' political attitudes. In this paper, we assess whether perceived discrimination is associated with higher levels of support for democracy among Muslim immigrants using the EURISLAM survey dataset, which includes data from immigrants from Muslim-majority countries residing in four European countries. We find that in particular, perceived discrimination toward the ethnic or religious in-group is associated with increased support for democracy. These results are robust to alternative control variables, model specification, matching procedures and coefficient stability analysis. Our findings make an important contribution to understanding the implications of discriminatory experiences for immigrants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Greek citizenship model, for its biggest part, has been on the ethnocultural path. In 2010, the ethnocultural character of Greek citizenship became antagonized by Law 3838/2010. According to the law, migrant children born or schooled in the country had an automatic right to the acquisition of Greek citizenship. This paper investigates parliamentary and legal debates on citizenship during the period 2009–2015. It brings to the fore a nativist (ethnicized) discourse and other linked stories, which were voiced by certain political actors and promoted a clear differentiation between ethnic and civic elements of Greek citizenship. Accordingly, migrant children born or schooled in the country could acquire the civic elements of Greek citizenship but not the ethnic ones. The enactment of these discourses can be seen as a manifestation of nativism within an increasingly nationalistic political landscape under conditions of intense economic crisis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper provides an overview of the waves of immigrants that have shaped Miami since its founding, while focusing on the decisive effect that the Cuban exile community had in transforming Miami into an emerging global city. Through detailed and illustrative case studies, the paper highlights the stories and constructed physical environments of three Cuban exile families. The chosen examples are notable for their capacity to have withstood the test of time, creating a sense of community through the adaptation and transformation of architectural spaces in support of social customs and rituals characteristic of a displaced homeland. In the end, they are emblematic of a cross-cultural urbanism that overlays Cuban social customs atop existing American urban environments to create new spaces of meaning, memory and community. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Drawing on semi-structured, in-depth interviews with migrant youth in Melbourne, Toronto and Birmingham, this paper explores the relationship between transcultural capital and the negotiation of belonging within wider social and political challenges. It examines these intersecting questions in a global context of pandemic crises, enduring securitization agendas, tightening of migration policies, rising racism as well as deep-rooted social inequalities within many multicultural societies. Using unique empirical insights, this paper argues for a trans-local, relational approach to the conceptual framing and everyday practice of transcultural capital. The paper reframes the very notion of "migrant" from a position of disadvantage to one of empowerment in relation to the challenges and opportunities of living in multicultural cities. Our findings reveal that transcultural capital often acts as a performative tool for navigating local integration challenges, for creating a sense of belonging to multiple places, and for adopting agentic capacities to identity and intercultural relations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

World War II nostalgia in the UK is mired in a postcolonial melancholia that not only fuels Brexit nationalism, but carries implications for how the UK relates to the European Continent. This paper presents an empirically engaged examination of Gilroy's concept of postcolonial melancholia by exploring how British migrants negotiate this "complex ailment". Engaging with empirical research conducted with British migrants in Berlin, I will examine how migrants negotiate this form of nationalism through their relationships with family members in the UK. The particular position of the British migrant in Germany illuminates how postcolonial melancholia's entrenchment shapes British nationalism and Britain's relationship to mainland Europe. It explores discourses of British exceptionalism before examining how Brexit's foregrounding of empire nostalgia pushes migrants to redefine their relationship to Britain. Meanwhile, black British migrants inhabit a different orientation to the postcolonial through their practical engagement with complex colonial histories. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Singapore is a nation-state characterized by the convergence of multiple diaspora populations. The state and citizens alike cannot ignore a sharpened sense of difference that has led to social tensions between "old" and "new" waves of migrants/immigrants, in particular amongst those considered co-ethnics from India and China. Comparative analyses of Indian and Chinese migration are few, resulting in a narrow understanding of how both impact migrant-receiving societies simultaneously. Our paper identifies commonalities undergirding the racialization experienced by co-ethnic migrants/immigrants in Singapore. We argue that multiple dimensions of personhood – to do with one's skills, class and legal statuses; performances of "authenticity" and temporal framings of migration; and wider civilisational and developmental discourses – work together to create "polysemic immigration hierarchies". Singapore's experience illuminates subtle forms of inter- and co-ethnic racialization – drawing on, yet exceeding, tropes of "colour". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study of migrant minorities in Europe has long been characterized by a turn to identity politics. This turn has had two shortcomings: First, it often conflates religion, ethnicity, and nationality, resulting in what I call "categorical astigmatism". Consequently, migrants find themselves lumped into categories they would not primarily identify with. Second, despite its importance in the lived experiences of migrants, class is treated as a "non-identity" and intra-migrant class differences do not get the attention they deserve. Building on these two criticisms, in this article, I first employ Bourdieu's theory of "classification struggles" to conceptualize "categorical astigmatism" and make a plea for categorical clarification. I then suggest the theory of intersectionality as a way out, highlighting the importance of class and its intersection with other markers of difference. Empirically, the paper builds on interviews with migrants from Turkey and Syria in Germany. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article discusses the British government's White Paper on immigration Secure Borders, Safe Haven , 2002. This claims to be a "modern approach" to immigration, but it is argued it contains more continuities with the past than new departures. The article focuses on inclusion , arguing that inclusion is reserved for those deemed "deserving" - by virtue of their skills or ability to meet strict criteria for refugee status - while more rigid exclusion is proposed for the "underserving". Exclusion is addressed at three levels: firstly the impact of punitive policies towards asylum-seekers on arrival in Britain on the possibility of finding a "safe haven"; secondly , the impact of "secure borders" and accompanying discourses of threat on the safety of asylum-seekers and others perceived as "other"; thirdly, the broader exclusions inherent in a system of entry controls, which allow some to reach a "safe haven" while excluding others. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Over the past thirty years, there has been an increase in the number of immigrant day labourers in the United States. The presence of day labourers has led to numerous conflicts in municipalities. Some locals benefit from the labour performed by day labourers and believe they do no harm, while others see them as "illegal" immigrants that pose a threat to the community. For many, the legitimacy of day labourers remains uncertain, which opens a space for opponents and supporters to push for competing policies. Uncertain legitimacy and back and forth conflicts result in policies that are continuously being tugged between exclusionary and inclusionary measures. Whereas much of the literature on local immigration policies suggests that subnational governments opt for either exclusionary or inclusionary measures, this paper reveals the volatility of local immigration policies and the blurring of lines between them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Transnationalism is central to our understanding of the impact and experiences of global migration. The paper by Levitt and de la Dehesa (2003) explores the policies and strategies of the sending state in relation to their emigrants and investigates the reasons for policy convergences and divergences. While the issues examined in the paper continue to be relevant there are other areas and methodological approaches that need to be developed and/or included in contemporary studies of sending state led transnationalism explored in this piece. These include the need for research to take a multi-level approach to include the different actors involved and their interactions; longitudinal analysis that examines the heterogeneous and complex nature of contemporary migration flows, the changing situations in sending and destination countries and among migrants and the need to incorporate the second and subsequent generations into research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Why may the supposed victims of racism and discrimination downplay these phenomena? This paper examines experiences of and responses to racism and discrimination among highly educated Eritrean migrants in Australia. Contrary to research findings on experiences of discrimination among migrant groups as widely reported and impactful, most of my interlocutors seldom reported such experiences, despite acknowledging that discrimination existed generally and vicariously. I discuss participants' direct and indirect experiences with racism and discrimination, and identify five key reasons for downplaying and not reporting them, including limitations to perceiving and recognizing these phenomena; undermining racism in Australia in comparison to other racisms; gratitude to Australians and to Australia as "the lucky country"; harbouring strong meritocratic values that contrasted with viewing discrimination as impactful; and dissociation from narratives of victimhood and powerlessness. Finally, I discuss how participants' perspectives pose challenges for anti-racism scholarship and practice more broadly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper discusses Muslim experiences of differential treatment in Flanders, Belgium, and builds on theories of Islamophobia as anti-Muslim racism and a form of governmentality. I argue that Islamophobia understood as historically and structurally embedded, residing in social institutions rather than personal intentions or actions, operates in coercive and subtle ways to steer, structure and limit Muslim life courses. The analysis draws from forty semi-structured life story interviews conducted between 2020 and 2022 with mainly second and third-generation immigrants. Education and employment are prime domains where differential treatment restricts life aspirations and effectively governs Muslims' life choices. Female respondents view a headscarf ban in education and job offerings conditional on veil removal as "a rejection of the (Muslim) self", at times leading to veil decision fatigue. Respondents offered mixed prospects for the future, with some expressing a desire to leave Belgium in search of better opportunities for self-realization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Existing frameworks of assimilation and group boundaries are limited in making sense of experiences of racial ambiguity. What happens when racial groups are mistaken for other groups, and how does this phenomenon relate to the racial hierarchy? This paper investigates the on-the-ground mechanisms of racial ambiguity that formal institutions, like the Census, do not capture, yet are the lived realities for many immigrant groups. Through analysis of 120 interviews and supplemental observations, I find that the racialization of second-generation South Asians shifts between racial ambiguity and racial legibility in daily life. I present a theoretical concept – localized racialization – to reveal the transient, yet defining, racial experiences of groups residing in the racial middle. Localized racialization centres multiple factors of skin colour, intersectional status markers, and situational contexts that tether racial experiences to the local. This study's South Asian participants reveal persistent racial dynamism at the micro-interactional level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The spillover of racism towards welfare opinions has previously been studied in several countries. This paper analyses how racism and welfare are formed intertwined in Austria. This remains an important topic, as the welfare state not only distributes material resources but is also seen as a site of socialization – at least within the German-speaking literature. Besides identifying a potential spillover effect within survey data for Austria, the article also discusses how the topics of the racialized, especially in the form of the migrant "other" and welfare state and support, are rhetorically linked within newspaper articles. Four rhetorical strategies are distinguished within the empirical material using the notion of the undeserving "other" to argue, among others, for general welfare state cutbacks. These strategies also introduce arguments for extreme cases of social exclusion within the welfare state that affect existing views on, and possibly also, society and social life itself. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines discriminatory attitudes of Israeli Jews towards non-Jewish immigrants admitted into Israel under the Law of Return. We looked at three spheres of discrimination: admission, political rights, and welfare rights and focused on the role of realistic socioeconomic and symbolic threats in the emergence of discriminatory attitudes. We used a mixed-methods approach that allowed to test our hypotheses among a representative sample (survey) and examine the logics underlying the respondents' justifications for endorsing discrimination (focus groups/in-depth interviews). The findings show that discrimination endorsement is strongest in the case of admission and political rights where Israeli Jews seek to prevent the presence of outgroups and deny them the right to become part of the society. By contrast, discrimination with respect to welfare rights is less pronounced – possibly because it is not viewed as awarding membership in society, but rather providing individuals their basic needs based on universalistic or democratic values. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While migration has made cities more super-diverse than ever, artists with migrant backgrounds are underrepresented in the creative and cultural industries. Although existing literature pays attention to minorities' unequal labour market access, the question of how the careers and working conditions of artists with a migrant background play out in local cultural labour markets remains underexplored. Based on the case of the performing arts sector in Brussels, I outline the factors that explain the gap in cultural labour market representation between ethnic minorities and the white majority population. I contend that minority artists have more difficulties in entering the cultural labour market than native artists because they face structural and personal hurdles throughout their careers. Furthermore, I show that minority artists develop various strategies to overcome these barriers. This paper uncovers the mechanisms that contribute to the emergence and persistence of this "creative mismatch" in local cultural labour markets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper analyses the effects of perceived discrimination on the self-rated health of immigrants living in Germany. Previous research indicates that immigrants' health is negatively affected by the psychosocial strain caused by perceived discrimination. I analyse whether feelings of belonging to both the origin and the host country play a moderating role in this association: While feelings of belonging to the origin country might buffer the health threat of perceived discrimination, a strong sense of belonging to the host country might exacerbate it because it increases immigrants' sensitivity and vulnerability to discrimination by the majority society. Using data from the German Socio-economic Panel Study (N = 10,412), I confirm previous research on the harmful effect of perceived discrimination on health. While feelings of belonging to the origin country are not a protective factor, the health threat of perceived discrimination indeed exacerbates with an increasing sense of belonging to the host country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This introduction to the special issue 'Irregular Migrants: Policy, Politics, Motives and Everyday Lives' outlines the changing patterns of irregular migration at the end of the twentieth century and the start of the twenty-first century, explores the ways in which irregular migration has been analysed conceptually and empirically, highlights the contribution the volume as a whole makes to the literature in this domain and examines the key emergent themes from the papers in this volume. Finally, the paper concludes by suggesting gaps in our knowledge and areas for further research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Increasingly turbulent forms of mobilities are emerging in Europe as diverse groups of migrants arrive, settle and move on. This paper explores this phenomenon of onward migration arguing that this is underpinned by various forms of feminized precarity. Challenging existing work on the feminization of precarity and migration that usually focuses on specific workers in situ, this paper explores the experiences of onward Latin American migrants (OLAs) who have moved to London from Southern Europe in a holistic manner. It develops the notion of "feminized onward precarity" to capture how female and male migrants experience precarious living and working conditions that reflect devaluation and exploitation in intersectional ways. In highlighting the interdependence of in/mobility and feminized precarity enacted through the relational lens of onward migration, the paper provides important insights into the increasingly complex and feminized lives of migrants as they move (or not) across diverse spatio-temporal contexts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines discrimination and early integration among Polish migrants in Ireland and the Netherlands using a new immigrants' panel survey. Drawing on insights from research on intergroup relations, stereotyping, ethnic competition and Bail's notion of the salience of racial and cultural boundaries, the paper develops hypotheses about the role of experience in and exposure to the host country, of gender and of country context in migrants' experience of discrimination. The key finding is higher discrimination among Poles in the Netherlands and a greater increase in discrimination over time, suggesting that perceptions of ethnic competition, negative public debate and ensuing stereotypes about East European migrants are contributing to a more negative experience for Polish migrants in the Netherlands as compared to Ireland. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores the process through which a white nation commonly considered as "raceless" is producing race and racism. Whiteness is a relevant concept to analyse the process of incorporating non-white minorities across everyday social interactions. It explores socio-cultural expressions of white normativity and possible interpretations of the notion of whiteness as an identity in Switzerland and beyond. The paper considers how non-white citizens with migration backgrounds incorporate themselves by adopting the dominant discourse that denies the presence of races and racism in the country. The Anthropological data and analysis illuminate how the participants make their settlement possible via presentations of self-alignment with Swissness/whiteness and misalignment with other immigrants. The paper discusses the process of reinforcing white national identity via the prevailing assumptions in Europe. It is designed from the reflexive viewpoint of a white anthropologist who collected subject narratives during fieldwork. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper addresses Polish mothers’ insights into their relationship between their home and the culture of their neighbourhoods. Based on thirty-five in-depth interviews conducted in London, I described processes, both social and emotional, accompanying the mothers’ engagement with the practices of transcultural citizenship. The paper examines the ways in which the mothers theorize their, often racialized, working-class localities through their “Polish” and “class” lens, mark their cultural and social belonging, and ultimately internalize and accommodate these new settings (neighbourhoods and schooling). Adaptation mechanisms as well as emotional costs and identity re-enactments, which are associated with accommodation and creation of new values and practices, are also brought to light. I argue that (1) performance of transcultural citizenship moves the concept towards the notion of ordinary everyday engagements with the local community and belonging and (2) hybridization of identities is a prominent result of such engagements. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

This paper analyses differentiation processes between non-native groups in a stigmatized peripheral neighbourhood of Barcelona. Its more established dwellers – internal migrants from the South of Spain – have set in place differentiation processes between them and the more recently arrived international migrants. To substantivize differentiation processes, in a context where race has been largely silent, they appropriate the "civic terminology" that has become popular in the city in the last decade. In the global context of hyper-regulation and increasing privatization of urban public spaces, this group's discursive strategies, based on the civic/non-civic divide, aim to ensure control over accessible open public space, a resource that is locally scarce. Using the ethnographic example of the tensions around "proper behaviour" in the area's main square, the article explores processes of identification and differentiation in a context where autochthony cannot be unproblematically called upon. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper provides descriptive information regarding the composition of the Latinx population of the United States. I note differences in educational attainment and occupational mobility confirming findings by other authors–Latinix individuals continue to experience a stalled mode of incorporation in America. The paper also discusses policy implications, giving special attention to the changing character of the American economy. For Latinix people to advance socially and financially, they will need greater access to specialized technical skills. Without deliberate action on the part of government, the prospects seem dismal. Limited progress in educational institutions and the labour market threatens the future of children and grandchildren of Latinx immigrants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Motivated by the fast-emerging literature on African immigrants in new destinations, this paper examines the role of religion in the African immigrants' perceived attitudes of Chinese people toward them. Building on the triple-market model, we identify different ways Islam and Christianity influence African immigrants' perceived attitudes in Guangzhou, the most popular gateway city for African immigrants to China. Using both survey and in-depth interview data, we find that Muslim Africans tend to perceive better attitudes of local Chinese toward them than their Christian counterparts. African-dominated congregations, where Christian Africans are used to participating, are negatively associated with African immigrants' perceived attitudes. We argue that the mechanism underlying the relationships reflects how religion influences immigrants' social experiences in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Peruvian immigrants in Southern California encounter a complex context of reception in which xenophobic portrayals of Latinxs exist alongside positive discourses on immigration. Simultaneously, the Peruvian gastronomic boom has reached the Golden State, where foodies' celebration of Peruvian cuisine creates a favourable opportunity structure for Peruvian immigrant entrepreneurs. Drawing on ethnographic fieldwork and life history interviews with 35 Peruvian women culinary entrepreneurs in and around Los Angeles, the article argues that these entrepreneurs capitalize on the positive food discourses surrounding Peruvian gastronomy to contest stigmas of an ascribed Latinx identity. Food becomes a powerful weapon to negotiate a position within racial/ethnic hierarchies. By showing that culinary businesses constitute a unique space where these complex processes play out, the paper expands the economic focus in the ethnic entrepreneurship literature and provides knowledge on how immigrants' economic agency is embedded in broader social processes, such as their search for home and belonging. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Social ties play a central role in migrant labor market integration. Whereas existing research focusses on the co-ethnic ties that also drive migration, this paper examines the effect of connections that reach beyond the co-ethnic community. Studying the effects of such ties is challenging as they are generally both a cause and consequence of integration. We examine a case where a quasi-random sub-set of migrants is provided ties that reach outside the co-ethnic community upon arrival in Canada through a refugee sponsor program where community groups support refugees with whom they have no pre-existing ties called the Blended Visa-Office Referred (BVOR) program. Although sponsorship has no effect on the probability of employment, we find that it improves skill utilization. Refugees with sponsors are more likely to obtain higher-skilled employment and less likely to be self-employed. We also present data on the characteristics of friendship networks to support our argument. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Τhis paper studies online narrative texts, which, despite their declared antiracist stance, reproduce racist positionings against migrants. Based on the broader framework of Critical Discourse Analysis, our main research question concerns the ways racist and antiracist positionings coexist. To this end, we employ an enriched version of Bamberg's tripartite model which distinguishes the micro-levels of narrative world and narrative interaction, from which the positionings towards the discourses of the macro-level, in the present case the national discourse, emerge. A common feature of the media narratives under study is the ambiguity between an antiracist reading and a motile racist one. In these readings the denοuncement of majority instances of illiberal/frozen racism coexist with the representation of migrants as people largely assimilated to the majority context. Due to this coexistence, such texts become vehicles of liquid racism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Through the lens of racialized incorporation, this paper draws upon three decades of surveys and interviews to analyze the initial experiences of young adult Hmong migrants in the United States. The first part describes the aspirations and understandings of these young adults as adolescents (circa 1989–1994). Early in resettlement, they, like their parents, stressed education and mobility; however, in contrast to traditional assimilation theory and model minority stereotypes, their aspirations were oriented toward family, traditions, and ethnic identification. The second section (2002–2007) documents how they came to embrace a distinctive bicultural identity during the transition to adulthood even as they became increasingly aware of its tenuousness, the constraints of racism, and their own complicated place in American racial hierarchies. Focused on ethnic identity and the complexity of racialization, the Hmong case provides the foundation for theorizing varied patterns of incorporation and the value of multi-method, life-course approaches. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hate crime victimization is harmful for victims and those who share the victim's identity. It may also be harmful for the broader community. Yet, few studies focus on the ripple effects of hate. This paper examines how secondary exposure to hate crime in the neighborhood, through witnessing or hearing about hate crime, influences individual perceptions of ethnic minorities, which in turn can harm social relations. Findings reveal that those who witness hate crime express greater anger towards ethnic minorities. Those who rely on second-hand information about hate crime in the community are more likely to anticipate rejection on the basis of their ethnicity, hold negative attitudes towards ethnic migrants and intend to take actions to exclude new migrants from their communities when compared to those who do not have such information. These findings have implications for community cohesion in multi-ethnic neighborhoods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we explore Mexican and Central American migrants' decisions to refuse public benefits in response to the Trump administration's proposed change in the enforceability priorities of the "public charge" section of the Immigration and Naturalization Act. Based on interviews with migrants who have experienced undocumented status and who are now in the process of becoming lawful permanent residents, we argue that decisions to pre-emptively forego public welfare benefits beginning in 2018 were not simply based on an impulsive fear-based reaction, but rather on thoughtful considerations around the human impact of immigration policies. We conceptualize migrant refusals of public benefits through the framework of what we call cultivated intuition because while these refusals are visceral responses, they are also educated inferences about how the fundamental logics of conditional citizenship within the US immigration system work to regulate migrant mobility and behaviour both at the border and within the nation-state. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores collective memory in Newham, East London. It addresses how remembering East London as the home of whiteness and traditional forms of community entails powerful forms of forgetting. Newham's formation through migration – its ‘great time’ – has ensured that myths of indigeneity and whiteness have never stood still. Through engaging with young people's and youth workers' memory practices, the paper explores how phantasms of whiteness and class loss are traced over, and how this tracing reveals ambivalence and porosity, at the same time as it highlights the continued allure of race. It explores how whiteness and class loss are appropriated across ethnic boundaries and how they are mobilized to produce new forms of racial hierarchy in a ‘super-diverse’ place. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Considering both non-migrant and migrant couples, this paper studies the effect of cohabiting life partners' attitudes, resources, and social network compositions on their spouse's interethnic friendships and acquaintances. Thus, partners are conceptualized as important "third parties" for interethnic relationship formation. Analysing representative German household panel data, I find that partner characteristics play an important role for a person's interethnic relationships. In particular, a strong positive connection between cohabiting life partners' interethnic relationships indicates that couples' social networks merge over time. Partner's preferences for interethnic contacts mainly exert an indirect influence that is mediated by the partner's own interethnic relationships and – to some extent – by a person's preferences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The model of ethnification posits that in post-socialist contexts ethnic identities are used as a source for political mobilization against ethnic outgroups. In Croatia, this is further amplified by collective war experiences. This paper investigates the association between identity-based variables, related to ethnification and war experiences, and anti-immigrant prejudice in Croatia. The study employed structural equation modelling of the data from a large youth sample (N = 1,034). Higher ethnic threat, lower cultural capital, more exclusive conception of nationhood and right-wing political orientation predicted stronger anti-immigrant prejudice. Ethnic threat moderated the effect of political orientation on prejudice: under high ethnic threat there was no difference between left-wing and right-wing individuals. As the results correspond to findings from Western countries, we argue that comparable explanations of anti-immigrant prejudice may be applied to non-Western and Western contexts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper interrogates the structural conditions, macropolitics and governmentality of family ‘regroupement’ in France in an era of shifting immigration policies in Europe and the imaginative possibilities that Senegalese immigrants exercise to maintain family and kinship ties with those left behind. It argues that while the need to maintain ties from diasporic locations is mediated by policies, material and emotive transnational practices, the materiality of displacement as well as the state's politics of immigration render more elusive possibilities of maintaining family in situ. What tensions and creative strategies emerge? How is ‘home’, the primordial site of family structure, reimagined and reconstituted? Taking into account state's politics and immigrants’ entrapment within multiple spheres of power and their active agency as determinants, this paper uncovers how displacement gives rise to multiple ruptures while simultaneously motivating a search for active agency to reconstruct and reimagine kinship, family and conjugality across multiple temporalities and spatialities. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

In "Buenos Aires. From successful city/nation-building to fragmented amalgamation", Marcelo Cavarozzi details the connection between immigration and the construction of Buenos Aires as a global city. Cavarozzi analyzes the evolution of economic segregation in Buenos Aires by describing how the spatial order that separated the city centre from its surrounding areas developed. This commentary takes over where Cavarozzi's paper ends and describes the changing composition of the immigrant population of Buenos Aires since the 1970s in comparison to U.S. cities. The growth of the Latin American population and the decline in immigration from other areas have resulted in a high degree of specialization of international migration to Buenos Aires, transforming the city from a global to a regional immigrant destination. Buenos Aires has also experienced changes in the national origin of immigrant flows with important differences between the Capital Federal and Gran Buenos Aires. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Normative debates and comparative studies on voting rights regulations are lively. However, little is known on what citizens think of enfranchising migrants. This paper starts to fill this gap. We conducted an original survey in 26 European countries (n = 16,555). In most countries, an (often narrow) majority of sedentary nationals supports enfranchising emigrants. In all countries, no majority favours the enfranchisement of immigrants, although falling short of a majority in several cases. Being a woman, a bi-national citizen, but also younger, and leaning to the political left is associated with higher support for enfranchising immigrants. However, no individual-level characteristics, apart from age, is associated with the support for enfranchising emigrants. An exclusive national identity is associated not only with lower support for enfranchising immigrants but for emigrants, as well. Furthermore, larger relative sizes of immigrant population fuel support for enfranchisement of this group – up to a certain level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyzes legislative debate over Alabama's Beason-Hammon Alabama Taxpayer and Citizen Protection Act (HB56). Taxpayers and citizens are colorblind legal categories, but the debate associated "Hispanics" with a history of racism in and beyond the state. I use three methods to analyze the debate. Content analysis identify explicit references to "Hispanics". Second, I analyze legislators' values, attitudes and beliefs. Finally, I use discourse analysis to understand how Black and white legislators raised different concerns as they remembered their own experiences and the state's racial history. These analyses indicate that legislators crafted a relational conception of responsibility that distinguished who should be in Alabama and, by extension, who had a right to citizenship and national inclusion. These debates trace to long-standing struggles between states and the federal government to determine citizenship. I conclude HB 56 reproduces legal definitions of difference that promote racial exclusion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Greek-born population in Australia increased from 15,000 in 1930 to well over 300,000 by 1970. Over the next fifty years, first-generation Greek migrants successfully sustain an identity that promotes difference within Australia while maintaining strong connections to their "homeland". Their Australian-born children, while identifying as Greek-Australian, have integrated successfully into Australian society. There is evidence to suggest that children of second-generation Australian-born Greek migrants or the third generation continue to identify as Greek rather than Australian. Of interest to this paper is an examination of why third-generation Australia's of Greek heritage adopt a Greek identity and what aspects of Greekness they value. It appears that the third generation's steadfast identification as Greek is marked by a desire to distance oneself from assumed Australian traits that they find unappealing and that are contrary to their perception of being Greek. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper compares the identity formation processes of Latinx 1.5 undocumented and 2nd generation young adults in a new immigrant-receiving community. Drawing on life narrative interviews, I apply the nested contexts of reception framework to examine how processes of racialized immigrant incorporation shape variation in Latinx identity development. The findings show, first, how changes in the national legal context via Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA) matter for inclusion and as a result, shifts in Latinx identities. Second, among a subset of 2nd generation respondents, the local societal hostility toward the Latinx community shaped the continual pride in their Latinx identities. Lastly, the local postsecondary institutions contributed to empowered Latinx identities. The implications of the findings suggest that, by centring the role of nested contexts in one new Latinx immigrant community we can understand the extent to which incorporation is occurring and how it shapes changes in ethnoracial identities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

New migration flows to Mexico are challenging long-established sociocultural configurations. So far, most studies on immigrants in Mexico have focused on singular ethno-national groups rather than paying attention to the intermingling of people. This paper presents an examination of diversification processes occurring in Guadalajara, Mexico. We contend that these are particularly strained because of the continuing frictions with which the country has to deal due to its already-existing diversity. The many forms of discrimination and racism that many Mexicans are subjected to by their co-nationals are often extended to new arrivals. The increasing complexity of migrant inflows challenges established forms of prejudice in everyday interactions. We argue in this paper that the use of superdiversity as a lens to study diversification processes allows us to better understand the changing dynamics currently taking place in Mexico. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper emerges from an ethnography of the economic and cultural life of Rye Lane, an intensely multi-ethnic street in Peckham, South London. The effects of accelerated migration into London are explored through the reshaping and diversification of its interior, street and city spaces. A ‘trans-ethnography’ is pursued across the compendium of micro-, meso- and macro-urban spaces, without reifying one above the other. The ethnographic stretch across intimate, collective and symbolic city spaces serves to connect how the restrictions and circuits of urban migration have different impacts and expressions in these distinctive but interrelated urban localities. The paper argues for a trans-ethnography that engages within and across a compendium of urban localities, to understand how accelerated migration and urban ‘super-diversity’ transform the contemporary global city. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The paper analyses the level of participation in voluntary associations (measured by levels of joining and volunteering) of third-country nationals (TCN) in Luxembourg. We compare two groups of TCN (Cape Verdeans, and ex- Yugoslavians) with native residents and selected groups of EU immigrants. We use propensity score matching to estimate intergroup differences, while accounting for selection bias. The largest differences are found between TCN and their native Luxembourg counterparts. Specifically, TCN, on average, engage less in associations compared with native-born residents. These variations are greatest regarding membership of and volunteering in expressive associations. A similar situation is uncovered when comparing TCN with French immigrants. No substantial differences are found between TCN and immigrants of Portuguese origin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is based on a set of qualitative studies in Vancouver, Canada, that investigated how migrants from different source countries re-made “home” in its various dimension dimensions – socially and symbolically, as well as in the form of a material space – through work, making friends, health practices and engaging with local institutions. Using a framework employing a lens of transformative agency and a feminist extension of Bourdieu’s theory of capitals, I argue that the quotidian activities of women as they re-make home and negotiate changing family relationships have broader implications for the “care” of the nation through the making of “new citizens”. Such mothering work, reframed as citizenship practices, is not highly visible activity in the public realm but rather the everyday activities of “being-in-place” that transform various forms of capitals in social reproduction. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

European immigrants at the turn of the twenty century initially established their enclaves in central cities, but gradually moved to suburban areas as they achieved assimilation and social mobility. Post-1965 Asian immigrants followed the same pattern of spatial assimilation, moving from central-city enclaves to suburban areas. However, Chinese, Korean and Vietnamese groups have established their enclaves in suburban areas. Suburban enclaves have advantages over central-city enclaves in their electoral politics and preservation and promotion of ethnic culture. But no social scientist has paid attention to this social phenomenon. This paper compares Korean ethnic enclaves in Queens, New York City with suburban Korean enclaves in Bergen County, New Jersey to examine the advantages of suburban enclaves. The findings show that as expected Korean suburban enclaves give Koreans huge advantages over those in Queens in electoral politics, preservation of Korean culture, and the installment of Korean "comfort women" statues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]