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Cyber-physical systems (CPSs) are characterized by integrating computation, communication, and physical system. In typical CPS application scenarios, vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) and Industry Internet of Things (IIoT), due to doubly selective fading and non-stationary channel characteristics, the robust and reliable end-to-end communication is extremely important. Channel estimation is a major signal processing technology to ensure robust and reliable communication. However, the existing channel estimation methods for V2V and IIoT cannot effectively reduce intercarrier interference (ICI) and lower the computation complexity, thus leading to poor robustness. Aiming at this challenge, according to the channel characteristics of V2V and IIoT, we design two channel estimation methods based on the Bayesian filter to promote the robustness and reliability of end-to-end communication. For the channels with doubly selective fading and non-stationary characteristics of V2V and IIoT scenarios, in the one hand, basis extended model (BEM) is used to further reduce the complexity of the channel estimation algorithm under the premise that ICI can be eliminated in the channel estimation. On the other hand, aiming at the non-stationary channel, a channel estimation and interpolation method based on extended Kalman filter (EKF) and unscented Kalman filter (UKF) Bayesian filters to jointly estimate the channel impulse response (CIR) and time-varying time domain autocorrelation coefficient is adopted. Through the MATLAB simulation, the robustness and reliability of end-to-end communication for V2V and IIoT are promoted by the proposed algorithms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]