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We present three cases of coronary artery fistulae to the right cardiac chambers. The first was a 2-day-old neonate in congestive heart failure: 2D and Doppler echocardiography revealed a dilated proximal left coronary artery and a fistulous connection to the right atrium. The other two patients, respectively 4 and 3 years old, were asymptomatic and presented with a continuous heart murmur: a left coronary artery fistula into the right ventricle was detected by ultrasound in one, and a dilated proximal right coronary artery in the other. The diagnosis was confirmed in all three patients. The first patient was operated upon at 18 months of age; the second patient is awaiting surgery, and in the third patient the fistula was ligated at the age of 3 years. The possibility of ultrasound diagnosis without invasive procedures is suggested.

Numerous neurological disorders are associated with myocardial disease or involve the cardiovascular system. Echocardiography thus proves quite helpful in the evaluation and management of patients with problems such as hydrocephalus, tuberous sclerosis, Friedreich ataxia, mitochondrial encephalo-myopathies, Werdnig-Hoffmann disease, convulsive disorders, syncope, central nervous system infections, etc.