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We report a case of a 13-year-old girl with an asymptomatic isoniazid-resistant tuberculosis contact. Six months after the contact had been made, chest radiography showed left upper lobe infiltrates without hilar lymphadenopathy, which led to the start of an antituberculous treatment. Tuberculin skin test remained negative and blood tests showed hypereosinophilia. One month after the onset of the treatment, she presented with asthenia, weight loss, and cough. She was admitted to our unit with a diagnosis of drug-resistant tuberculosis. Blood tests showed the persistence of hypereosinophilia. Chest radiograph and high-resolution lung computed tomography (CT) scan showed alveolar peripheral condensations on both upper lobes without significant hilar lymphadenopathy. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) showed a normal total cell count with 44% of eosinophils. Microbiological analyses were all negative. Chronic eosinophilic pneumonia (CEP) was confirmed after the elimination of other different eosinophilic lung diseases. The patient was highly responsive to high doses of oral corticosteroids. Dyspnoea and cough disappeared within one week and chest CT scan showed regression of the lung infiltrates within one month. No relapse occurred during the following nine months.

International audience; Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is an inherited disease related to ciliary dysfunction, with heterogeneity in clinical presentation and in ciliary ultrastructural defect. Our study intended to determine if there are phenotypic differences in patients with PCD based on ciliary ultrastructural abnormality. In this retrospective study carried out among 60 children with a definitive diagnosis of PCD, we analyzed clinical, radiological, and functional features at diagnosis and at last recorded visit, according to cilia defect (absence of dynein arms: DAD group, n = 36; abnormalities of the central complex: CCA group, n = 24). Onset of respiratory symptoms occurred later in the CCA than in the DAD group (9.5 versus 0.5 months, p = 0.03). Situs inversus was only observed in the DAD group, while respiratory disease in siblings were more frequent in the CCA group (p = 0.003). At diagnosis, clinical presentation was more severe in the CCA group: frequency of respiratory tract infections (p = 0.008), rhinosinusitis (p = 0.02), otitis complications (p = 0.0001), bilateral bronchiectasis (p = 0.04), and number of hypoxemic patients (p = 0.03). Pulmonary function remained stable in both groups, but outcome was better in the CCA than in the DAD group: less antibiotic therapy and hypoxemic patients (p = 0.004). In conclusion, our results underlined the relationship between the severity of clinical presentation and the ultrastructural ciliary defect.