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In response to the call for greater integration across personality structure, process and development, we propose the analogy of climate and weather to traits and states as a means of emphasizing the importance of time in analyses of human behavior. While there is a tendency to focus on only one time scale (days, months, years) on both sides of the analogy, we suggest that the use of multiple time scales can facilitate the search for commonalities in causes and unique effects between structure, processes, and development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lievens made a case for using SJTs in personnel selection, a recommendation with which we agree. In particular, we like the emphasis on branching out from current methodologies and using new techniques such as SJTs not only in I/O or personnel selection research but also in basic personality research. Despite our enthusiasm, we point out several problems, most notably absence of time dimension in SJTs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lievens (2017) makes a case for SJTs in personnel selection, a recommendation with which we agree. In particular, we like the emphasis on branching out from current methodologies and using new techniques such as SJTs not only in I/O or personnel selection research but also in basic personality research. Despite our enthusiasm, we point out some flaws, most notably lack a time dimension to SJTs.

Rauthmann, Sherman and Funder have made a landmark contribution to situation research in the target article of this issue. However, we propose that their work overlooks the need to incorporate a developmental perspective. This includes the separate but related issues of time and change . Situations often unfold over long periods of time, can bleed together, and are not time-delimited in the way traditional laboratory experiments define them. Moreover, individuals systematically change over time (lifespan development) and their reactions to situations, as well as their personality-situation transactions, develop in tandem.