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Introduction Suicide loss requires more time to grieve than other losses and it is often associated with suicidal thoughts and suicide attempts in the survivors. Objectives Survivors are often neglected and there is no real understanding of the both psychological and psychopathological consequences of loosing a dear one by suicide. Aims To assess the relationship between hopelessness, depression, suicide risk, complicated grief, intrusive memories and avoidance in a sample of suicide survivors. To define the permanence of particular variables associated with a specific type of loss, defined “complicated grief”, even after many years from the loss. Methods We recruited 35 survivors of suicide, searching for help to the Suicide Prevention Centre of Sant’Andrea Hospital in Rome. Subjects were administered BDI II, BHS, ICG, BRFL, IES, SHS, SWLS and an informative schedule. Results A total of 62.8% of the survivors shows a higher scores on Complicated Grief referred more intrusiveness of thoughts and memories (rho = 0.6; P < 0.01) and the attempt to prevent the thoughts and emotions related to the event (rho = 0:42; P <0.05), more depressive symptoms (rho = 0:53; P <0.01) and increased hopelessness (rho 0.54; P <0.01), a lower feeling of happiness (rho = –0.60; P <0.01) and satisfaction with their life (rho = –0.57; P < 0.01) than survivors that reported a lower scores in the complicated grief. Conclusions The permanence of the symptoms of complicated grief suggests that in the case of suicide is harder to achieve a degree of acceptance and emotional balance, which usually happens within six months from the loss. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction Dissociative experiences are related with an higher suicide risk in subjects with specific early traumatic life events. Objectives To evaluate the relation between trauma, hopelessness, dissociative experiences and suicide risk in hospitalized patients. Aim To evaluate the predictive value of early traumatic experiences on the onset of dissociative experiences and suicide risk. Methods The sample consisted of 342 subjects consecutive psychiatric inpatients, 163 males (47,5%) and 179 females (52,5%) with an average age was 40.28 years ± 13.25. Hopelessness levels, dissociation, trauma and suicide risk have been evaluated. We assessed the following variables: hopelessness BHS, suicide risk (MINI, C module), dissociation (DES), child abuse (CTQ). Results Patients with early traumatic experiences reported higher scores on dissociative experiences and suicide risk, especially in female patients (M = 2.06; DS = 1.21), P = 0.005 (t: 1.927), who referred sexual abuse. Statistically significant correlation between hopelessness and suicide risk (0.427< 0.01), physical abuse and dissociative experiences (0.431 < 0.01) were found. Conclusions Suicidal behavior and traumatic life-events are common among psychiatric patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]