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IntroductionAttention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder often diagnosed between the ages of 7 and 10. The estimated prevalence of ADHD in adults is usually 2-5%, which means that in up to half of people this diagnosis persists into adulthood.ObjectivesThe aim of this sub-study was to determine whether there are significant differences in ADHD symptomatology between individuals who have taken or are taking prescription drugs and those who have never taken them.MethodsData collection was performed by STEM / MARK in January 2019 through the European National Panel. Respondents completed a demographic questionnaire focusing on the history of ADHD and a standardized ADHD Self-Report Scale (ASRS) questionnaire for the symptomatology of ADHD in adulthood.ResultsOf the 1,518 respondents, 3% reported being diagnosed with ADHD / hyperkinetic disorder during their lifetime. According to the ASRS assessment, 119 respondents were classified as suspected ADHD. Overall, men scored higher symptoms of ADHD. The results also show that the group that states that taking medication has a statistically significantly higher average score in ASRS than unmedicated individuals. 6 individuals are taking medication to this day.ConclusionsThe data collected confirm our main hypothesis that ADHD symptomatology has an impact on the daily functioning of individuals in adulthood. Unlike peers with reduced or no ADHD symptoms, these people are far more likely to have time management issues, need to plan their day carefully, and yet often experience problems such as late arrivals due to a lack of anticipation.Conflict of interestFinancial support was provided by grants : GA ČR – 18 -112 47 S, Progres Q06 1LF

Dextroamphetamine is one of the main medications for treating ADHD. It may cause several psychiatric side effects including hallucinations. As far as we know there is no previous report of clear derealization. In this report we present a 6 years old female patient with proved impression of ADHD. Her symptoms subsided with 10 mg/day Dextroamphetamine. A few months later she refused taking medication. She complained of feeling objects and persons are different and horrible way. Symptoms disappeared when the drug shifted to Ritalin. We present her history, describing symptoms of derealization and reflections of drug side effect in her drawings. We also discusses the role of side effects of Dextroamphetamine in poor compliance.

Major depression is the fourth leading cause of global disease burden. This phenomenology study aims to explain the experiences of male and female patients with depressive disorder. The participants were patients diagnosed with major depressive disorder. A total of 42 participants including 21 male and 21 female patients were recruited from out-patient clinics. Data were collected by in-depth interviews and analyzed using thematic analysis method. Findings: Both female and male patients suffered from gender role internalization. They suffered from ruminative thoughts. Depressive symptoms do not present any concrete abnormality as other illnesses do; consequently it is difficult for others to understand their experiences. Female patients shared there were stigma from receiving treatment from psychiatric hospitals and therefore considered as a barrier to seek help from experts. Both male and female patients did not understand the illness, its course and treatment. In addition, many tended to adjust the medication doses by themselves. Female patients also indicated reasons for not complying with treatment; they included concern of gaining weight and the danger of being under medications for a long period of time. Some men would like to regain self-control so they stopped taking medication. The majority of patients received only medication treatment without psychosocial treatment. Both male and female patients shared that sex of therapist was not as significant as their characters. The findings suggest that new innovations that can enhance public awareness of depression are urgently needed in order to reduce stigma related to illness and enhance accessibility to treatment

Background ADHD is a common diagnosis characterized by inadequate level of attention, excessive activity and impulsivity, accompanied by biochemical and neuroendocrinological changes. In connection with these changes ADHD children can show differences in growth and in development general. Our study compares anthropometric characteristics in boys with ADHD (according to DSM IV) and non-clinical population (n = 250; age: avg = 10,5, 19; SD = 4,8). In contrast to the most of the studies which were done on this topic and work mostly only with BMI, the presented study operates with complex anthropometrical measurements. Differences between medicated (methylphenidate) and non medicated groups were also evaluated. Possible relation between growth and results of psychological tests (WISC-III, attention tests) and questionnaires (CPQ, CTQ) were considered as well. The results show significant difference in anthropometric parameters between children with ADHD and children without the diagnosis. The differences are especially significant in signs of nutrition. It was also found that boys with ADHD have higher percentage of fat, higher value of abdominal circumference and some other differences in physipue from the norm. Children taking medication show lower percentage of body fat and lower BMI. Differences in height were not statistically significant. Relation of anthropometric and psychological parameters was not found. Conclusion The results are in correspondence with previous studies and point not only to significant influence of medication on growth of ADHD children but as well as on other developmental changes connected with this disorder.