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Background: Vitamin C (500 mg·day -1 ) supplementation for pregnant smokers has been reported to increase newborn pulmonary function and infant forced expiratory flows (FEFs) at 3 months of age. Its effect on airway function through 12 months of age has not been reported., Objective: To assess whether vitamin C supplementation to pregnant smokers is associated with a sustained increased airway function in their infants through 12 months of age., Methods: This is a pre-specified secondary outcome of a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial that randomised 251 pregnant smokers between 13 and 23 weeks of gestation: 125 to 500 mg·day -1 vitamin C and 126 to placebo. Smoking cessation counselling was provided. FEFs performed at 3 and 12 months of age were analysed by repeated-measures analysis of covariance., Results: FEFs were performed in 222 infants at 3 months and 202 infants at 12 months of age. The infants allocated to vitamin C had significantly increased FEFs over the first year of life compared to those allocated to placebo. The overall increased flows were 40.2 mL·s -1 for at FEF 75 (75% of forced vital capacity (FVC)) (adjusted 95% CI for difference 6.6-73.8; p=0.025); 58.3 mL·s -1 for FEF 50 (10.9-105.8; p=0.0081); and 55.1 mL·s -1 for FEF 25-75 (9.7-100.5; p=0.013)., Conclusions: In offspring of pregnant smokers randomised to vitamin C versus placebo, vitamin C during pregnancy was associated with a small but significantly increased airway function at 3 and 12 months of age, suggesting a potential shift to a higher airway function trajectory curve. Continued follow-up is underway., Competing Interests: Conflict of interest: C.T. McEvoy reports grants from NHLBI (R01HL105447 and R01 HL105460), Office of Dietary Supplements, P51 OD011092565, NIH (UH3 OD023288) and UL1TR000128, during the conduct of the study. Conflict of interest: L.E. Shorey-Kendrick reports grants from NHLBI (R01HL105447 and R01 HL105460), Office of Dietary Supplements, P51 OD011092565, NIH (UH3 OD023288) and UL1TR000128, during the conduct of the study. Conflict of interest: K. Milner reports grants from NHLBI (R01HL105447 and R01 HL105460), Office of Dietary Supplements, P51 OD011092565, NIH (UH3 OD023288) and UL1TR000128, during the conduct of the study. Conflict of interest: D. Schilling reports grants from NHLBI (R01HL105447 and R01 HL105460), Office of Dietary Supplements, P51 OD011092565, NIH (UH3 OD023288) and UL1TR000128, during the conduct of the study. Conflict of interest: C. Tiller reports grants from NHLBI (R01HL105447 and R01 HL105460), Office of Dietary Supplements, P51 OD011092565, NIH (UH3 OD023288) and UL1TR000128, during the conduct of the study. Conflict of interest: B. Vuylsteke reports grants from NHLBI (R01HL105447 and R01 HL105460), Office of Dietary Supplements, P51 OD011092565, NIH (UH3 OD023288) and UL1TR000128, during the conduct of the study. Conflict of interest: A. Scherman reports grants from NHLBI (R01HL105447 and R01 HL105460), Office of Dietary Supplements, P51 OD011092565, NIH (UH3 OD023288) and UL1TR000128, during the conduct of the study. Conflict of interest: K. Jackson reports grants from NHLBI (R01HL105447 and R01 HL105460), Office of Dietary Supplements, P51 OD011092565, NIH (UH3 OD023288) and UL1TR000128, during the conduct of the study. Conflict of interest: D.M. Haas reports grants from NHLBI (R01HL105447 and R01 HL105460), Office of Dietary Supplements, P51 OD011092565, NIH (UH3 OD023288) and UL1TR000128, during the conduct of the study. Conflict of interest: J. Harris reports grants from NHLBI (R01HL105447 and R01 HL105460), Office of Dietary Supplements, P51 OD011092565, NIH (UH3 OD023288) and UL1TR000128, during the conduct of the study. Conflict of interest: B.S. Park reports grants from NHLBI (R01HL105447 and R01 HL105460), Office of Dietary Supplements, P51 OD011092565, NIH (UH3 OD023288) and UL1TR000128, during the conduct of the study. Conflict of interest: A. Vu reports grants from NHLBI (R01HL105447 and R01 HL105460), Office of Dietary Supplements, P51 OD011092565, NIH (UH3 OD023288) and UL1TR000128, during the conduct of the study. Conflict of interest: D.F. Kraemer reports grants from NHLBI (R01HL105447 and R01 HL105460), Office of Dietary Supplements, P51 OD011092565, NIH (UH3 OD023288) and UL1TR000128, during the conduct of the study. Conflict of interest: D. Gonzales reports grants from NHLBI (R01HL105447 and R01 HL105460), Office of Dietary Supplements, P51 OD011092565, NIH (UH3 OD023288) and UL1TR000128, during the conduct of the study. Conflict of interest: C. Bunten has nothing to disclose. Conflict of interest: E.R. Spindel reports grants from NHLBI (R01HL105447 and R01 HL105460), Office of Dietary Supplements, P51 OD011092565, NIH (UH3 OD023288) and UL1TR000128, during the conduct of the study. Conflict of interest: C.D. Morris reports grants from NHLBI (R01HL105447 and R01 HL105460), Office of Dietary Supplements, P51 OD011092565, NIH (UH3 OD023288) and UL1TR000128, during the conduct of the study. Conflict of interest: R.S. Tepper reports grants from NHLBI (R01HL105447 and R01 HL105460), Office of Dietary Supplements, P51 OD011092565, NIH (UH3 OD023288) and UL1TR000128, during the conduct of the study., (Copyright ©ERS 2020.)