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The aim of the present study was to investigate the acaricidal activity of Ligularia virgaurea. An extract was prepared by refluxing with ethanol and steam distillation, and its toxic effect was tested in vitro against Sarcoptes scabiei. The data from the toxicity tests were analyzed using a complementary log-log (CLL) model. The ethanol extract exhibited strong acaricidal activity against these mites; at a concentration of 2 g/ml it killed all S. scabiei within 2 h and at 1 g/ml it killed all S. scabiei within 6 h. Similarly, 2, 1, 0.5 and 0.25 g/ml concentrations of the extract had strong toxicity against S. scabiei, with median lethal time (LT50) values of 0.716, 1.741, 2.968 and 4.838 h, respectively. The median lethal concentration (LC50) values were 1.388, 0.624, 0.310 and 0.213 g/ml for Scabies mite in 1, 2, 4 and 6 h, respectively. The results indicate that the L. virgaurea extract has strong acaricidal activity and may be exploited as a novel treatment for the effective control of acariasis in animals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]