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The incidence of Riehl's melanosis (RM) is most common in the fifth or sixth decade of life with a female preponderance. As the skin is regarded a non‐reproductive organ on which sex steroid hormones act, a possible relationship between the pathogenesis of RM and sex steroid hormone receptors can be inferred. This study intended to evaluate the expression profile of oestrogen receptor (ER)β and progesterone receptor (PR) in RM. Twelve lesional and perilesional normal‐appearing skin samples of RM patients and the skin of 12 healthy controls were retrieved for the analysis. Real‐time PCR analysis and immunohistochemical studies were conducted for ERβ and PR, respectively. The lesional and perilesional normal‐appearing skin of 12 patients with RM and the skin of 12 healthy controls were retrieved for the analysis. Interestingly, the dermal ERβ immunostaining intensity was increased more in lesional skin than in perilesional skin. When compared to healthy controls, increased expression of ERβ and PR mRNAs was observed in the lesional skin of patients with RM. Of note, epidermal and dermal ERβ and dermal PR expressions showed increased staining intensities in the lesional skin of RM patients compared with healthy controls. The altered expression of ERβ and PR in RM supports the possible role of these hormone receptors in the pathogenesis of RM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]