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Because supply chains are complex systems prone to uncertainty, statistical analysis is a useful tool for capturing their dynamics. Using data on acquisition history and data from case study reports, we used regression analysis to predict backorder aging using National Item Identification Numbers (NIINs) as unique identifiers. More than 56,000 NIINs were identified and used in the analysis. Bayesian analysis was then used to further investigate the NIIN component variables. The results indicated that it is statistically feasible to predict whether an individual NIIN has the propensity to become a backordered item. This paper describes the structure of a Bayesian network from a real-world supply chain data set and then determines a posterior probability distribution for backorders using a stochastic simulation based on Markov blankets. Fuzzy clustering was used to produce a funnel diagram that demonstrates that the Acquisition Advice Code, Acquisition Method Suffix Code, Acquisition Method Code, and Controlled Inventory Item Code backorder performance metric of a trigger group dimension may change dramatically with variations in administrative lead time, production lead time, unit price, quantity ordered, and stock. Triggers must be updated regularly and smoothly to keep up with the changing state of the supply chain backorder trigger clusters of market sensitiveness, collaborative process integration, information drivers, and flexibility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: In this paper, we present a fuzzy linguistic ontology payoff method for the valuation of real options in the aerospace industry. Using real data, we apply the fuzzy linguistic approach to determine the credibility measures and the credibilistic expected value for the fuzzy real options valuation payoff method. This approach is used to obtain a multi-scenario modeling process by envisioning three scenarios: optimistic, most likely, and pessimistic. In addition, our experience with the scenario estimates is premised on results in an operating profit forecast. This forecast corresponds to a plausible outcome within the aerospace licensing maintenance, repair, and overhaul market and provides a decision-making tool. This tool can be utilized for determining real options for project valuation of aerospace licensing revenues based on unit costs, recurring costs, and quantity of units sold. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: This paper reports on a new integrated vehicle health maintenance system (IVHMS) based on fault detection and feedback. A fuzzy multi-sensor data fusion Kalman model was used to help reduce IVHMS failure risk. The IVHMS was tested, and sensors with and without faults were identified. The results demonstrate that multi-sensor data fusion based on fault detection and fuzzy Kalman feedback is an effective method of reducing risk in an IVHMS. Use of the fuzzy Kalman filter approach reduced the time needed to perform complex matrix manipulations to control higher order systems in the IVHMS. Moreover, the approach was able to capture the nonlinearity of engine operations under the influence of various anomalies. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

• Triangulation of gap analysis for individual differences in alertness. • Measure interventions in positive train control expert system. • Empirical investigation for the effect of sleep deprivation on fatigue. • Information technology applications for measuring productivity and stress. In this abstract we would like to provide some exciting concrete information including the article's main impact and significance on expert and intelligent systems. The main impact is that the PTC expert intelligent system fills in the gaps between the human and software decision making processes. This gap analysis is analyzed via empirical triangulation of rail worker data collected from its groups, individuals and the rail industry itself. We utilize an expert intelligent system PTC information technology application to both measure and to improve the alertness of the groups and workers in order to improve the overall safety of the railways through reduced human errors and failures to prevent accidents. Many individual differences in alertness among military, railroad, and other industry workers stem from a lack of sufficient sleep. This continues to be a concern in the railroad industry, even with the implementation of positive train control (PTC) expert system technology. Information technology aids such as PTC cannot prevent all accidents, and errors and failures with PTC may occur. Furthermore, drug interventions are a short-term solution for improving alertness. This study investigated the effect of sleep deprivation on the alertness of railroad signalmen at work, individual differences in alertness, and the information technology available to improve alertness. We investigated various information and communication technology control systems that can be used to maintain operational safety in the railroad industry in the face of incompatible circadian rhythms due to irregular hours, weekend work, and night operations. To fully explain individual differences after the adoption of technology, our approach posits the necessary parameters that one must consider for reason-oriented action, sequential updating, feedback, and technology acceptance in a unified model. This triangulation can help manage workers by efficiently increasing their productivity and improving their health. In our analysis we used R statistical software and Tableau. To test our theory, we issued an Apple watch to a locomotive engineer. The perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and actual use he reported led to an analysis of his sleep patterns that eventually ended in his adoption of a sleep apnea device and an improvement in his alertness and effectiveness. His adoption of the technology also resulted in a decrease in his use of chemical interventions to increase his alertness. Our model shows that the alertness of signalmen can be predicted. Therefore, we recommend that the alertness of all railroad workers be predicted given the safety limitations of PTC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]