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From a disease outbreak among Vanaraja fowl, an indigenous Indian Breed reared by backyard system in Jhargram, West Bengal, Salmonella Gallinarum was isolated and characterised. The outbreak occurred among 6-8 day old chicks. A total of 150 birds died in a span of 5 days. Salmonella Gallinarum were identified and confirmed by standard bacteriological methods and presence of invasion ( invA) gene was detected by PCR. The isolates were susceptible to 15 common antimicrobials in vitro. Although chemotherapy may be effective, outbreaks of fowl typhoid in backyard poultry warranted precise control policy

Pet dogs occasionally suffer from infections in different parts of urinary system. A total of 289 adult dogs were examined for detection of urinary infection and 123 (42.5%) dogs were found infected. Infection in the male dogs was less common (41.4%) than the bitches (58.6%). Urinary tract infections (44.7%) were found to be the most common cases followed by urolithiasis (27.6%), cystitis (23.6%) and nephritis (3.6%). The upper urinary tract infections were very less (4.1%) than the lower urinary tract infections (95.9%). The prevalence of both upper and lower urinary tract infections were the highest (57.7%) in the winter months followed by summer (29.3%) and rainy seasons (13%) irrespective of sexes. Among the infected dogs, 34 (27.6%) were infected by strains of Escherichia coli and 16 (43.2%) by pathogenic Staphylococcus sp. As a whole 40.6% of the infected dogs were infected by these organisms. The Haemoglobin content was more in nephritis and nephrolithiasis cases (13g/dl) than the non-infected or control animals (12.2g/dl) but were slightly lower in urolithiasis (11.8), cystitis and other cases of urinary infections (11.9). PCV was recorded highest in case of urolithiasis (42.8%) followed by nephrolithiasis (41%), nephritis (40.2%), cystitis and other cases (39.5%) than in controls (38.6%). Total erythrocyte count (TEC) were much lower in nephritis and nephrolithiasis (3.8-3.9 x106 /cub.mm) but more or less same as that of control (6.1) in cases of urolithiasis, cystitis and other cases of urinary infections (5.9 – 6.1). The level of TLC were always higher in all types of infections like nephritis (15.5x103 /cub.mm), nephrolithiasis (12.5), urolithiasis (8.8), cystitis and other cases (9.4) in comparison to the non-infected control dogs (8.6).

One hundred sixty two samples from different poultry farms of West Bengal, India were screened for the presence of pathogenic Escherichia coli and 109 (67.3%) were found positive. Out of forty six faecal samples from ailing birds suffering from acute colibacillosis, thirty one i.e. 67.2% were positive whereas postmortem sample of intestines (62) and liver tissues (54) revealed approx 72.6% and 61.1% positivity for E. coli. Biochemical characteristic of the isolates were positive to indole, MR, nitrate and non-reactive to VP, citrate & urease test. In serotyping of the E. coli isolates mostly revealed O2, O8, O9, O19, O37, O47, O55, O69, O86, O101, O103, O109, O133, O151 and O173. The serotypes viz. O2, O8, O9, O55, O101 and O133 showed acute pathogenicity in swiss mice followed by O19, O37, O47, O69, O86, O103, O109, O151 and O173 as moderately pathogenic serotypes. Among the antimicrobial drugs tested, the sensitive drugs were cefixime (93.6%), enrofloxacin (91.8%), nitrofurantoin (88.1%) and azithromycin (85.3%). The resistant drugs were tetracycline (100%), nalidixic acid (97.2%), metronidazole (92.6%), penicillin G (88.9%), gatifloxacin (77.9%) and bacitracin (76.2%) .