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Natural forage silage can effectively preserve the nutritional value of natural forage and solve the problem of insufficient green and fresh forage in autumn and winter. Silage additives can improve the quality of natural forage silage, increase the utilization rate of natural forage silage resources and the digestibility of animals, inhibit the activities of harmful microorganisms, and improve the palatability of natural forage silage. In this paper, the types and functional characteristics of silage additives and their regulatory effects on sensory properties, fermentation quality, nutritional components, microbial diversity and aerobic stability of natural forage silage in recent years were summarized, in order to provide a reference for preparing high-quality natural forage silage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bile acids are important regulatory substances in glycolipid metabolism, which play the role of emulsifying fat, promoting nutrient absorption, improving intestinal microbial composition, and regulating immune system. Bile acids can affect the body's glycolipid metabolism by regulating fat absorption in the intestine, cholesterol excretion, and cholesterol synthesis in the liver. In addition, bile acids can also affect the sensitivity and secretion of insulin in animals, which can have an impact on blood glucose levels and insulin resistance. At present, bile acids have been well studied in terms of synthesis mechanism and diseases, but their application in animal production is still relatively small. In addition to the traditional promotion of emulsification absorption of fat, bile acids also have significant effects in improving production performance, protecting intestinal health, relieving heat stress, and protecting liver. In this paper, the synthesis and regulation of bile acids, their effects on glycolipid metabolism, and their application in animal production were reviewed in order to provide a reference for further development and utilization of bile acids. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Campylobacter can adhere to different host surfaces, has the ability to form biofilms, is highly invasive to different hosts, and has strong survival ability in the external environment. Adding probiotics to diet can prevent Campylobacter infection. Probiotics can increase the number of host intestinal microorganisms, resist pathogen colonization, and exert probiotic effect by producing short-chain fatty acids. Probiotics can also reduce intestinal inflammation, thus reducing the severity of Campylobacter infection. This paper summarizes the research results of anti-Campylobacter probiotics in poultry production, discusses the antibacterial mechanism of anti-Campylobacter probiotics, and provides a reference for the research on the production practice of anti-Campylobacter. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fermented feed has the advantages of green, safety, good palatability, promoting growth, enhancing immunity, reducing cost and increasing efficiency, etc. It can be used as an antibiotic substitute in animal production. In this paper, the common strains, classification, quality evaluation, physiological function of fermented feed, and the effect of fermented feed in animal production were summarized, the existing problems and solutions of fermented feed at present were analyzed, and the development trend of fermented feed was prospected, which provided references for the wider application of fermented feed in animal production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Corn is one of the main energy raw materials in ruminant breeding and production. The digestibility of corn in ruminants is related to the utilization rate of feed, production performance and economic benefits of breeding. At present, the steam flakeing process is an ideal processing technology for corn, which can improve the digestibility of corn starch, improves the gelatinization degree and emergy value of corn starch, and thus improves the feeding value of corn. Steam-flaked corn can regulate the rumen fermentation function of ruminants, improve growth performance, improve meat quality, and then increase breeding profits. Therefore, this paper summarized the processing technology, nutritional value of steam-flaked corn and its influence on ruminant production performance, in order to provide some references for the efficient utilization of steam-flaked corn in ruminant breeding and production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Experimentally selecting the import prices of soybean meal raw materials from January 2017 to February 2022, spanning a total of 62 monthly periods, along with the prices of the feed industry chain as samples, this study empirically investigates the impact of soybean meal raw material import price shocks on the volatility of feed industry chain prices by constructing a VAR model. The Granger causality effect indicates that the impact of soybean meal raw material import price shocks on the volatility of feed industry chain prices has a lag effect. The impulse response suggests that when the soybean meal raw material import price experiences a positive shock of one standard deviation, the feed industry chain prices will show a 0.001 3 response starting from the second period and exhibit a sustained upward trend, reaching its peak in the 10th period. The results of the shock cycle test reveal that changes in soybean meal raw material import prices have a significantly positive impact on subsequent fluctuations in feed industry chain prices, indicating that soybean meal raw material import price shocks play a driving role in the upward movement of feed industry chain prices. Variance decomposition data results indicate that during the period of volatility in feed industry chain prices, the feed industry chain prices themselves play a dominant role, with the contribution rate showing a trend of first declining and then rising. At the same time, the impact of soybean meal raw material import price shocks on the volatility of feed industry chain prices exhibits a certain lag period, becoming evident from the third period and peaking in the 9th period, followed by a downward trend. In the paper, the recommendations are made to enhance technical support for industry cultivation, rational planning of feed planting areas, and optimization of the feed industry's supply security mechanism, providing valuable reference for stabilizing feed industry prices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, plant extracts have been widely used in the animal husbandry because of their naturalness, low toxicity and minimal residue. Green tea is a kind of traditional drink. The polyphenols contained in the green tea have many pharmacological activities. EGCG is the main abundant phenolic active substance in the green tea polyphenols, and it is also one of the main active components of catechin that plays a pharmacological role. EGCG has various biological functions such as antioxidant, antibacterial, antiviral, anti-parasitic and enhancing immunity, and can inhibit cyanobacteria bloom and regulate water quality. It has broad application prospects in the aquaculture. In the paper, the properties, extraction technology, biological function and research progress of EGCG in aquaculture are reviewed, aiming to provide further reference for the application of EGCG in aquaculture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper aims to develop a method to rapidly detect the content of tylosin tartrate. In Clark-Lubs buffer solution with pH 6.6, malachite green can induce strong resonance light scattering due to the construction of supermolecule aggregates, and tylosin tartrate can react with malachite green cations, resulting in the decomposition of supermolecule aggregates constructed by malachite green, which significantly weakens the resonance light scattering intensity of the system. The maximum detection wavelengths are at 285 nm and 332 nm. Due to the additive nature of the resonance light intensity ( I), the two wavelengths are superimposed for measurement. The linear range of tylosin tartrate is 0.2-0.6 mg/L, the linear regression equation is IRLS= 5 299 C-766.4, the correlation coefficient ( R) is 0.999 8, and the detection limit is 0.004 1 mg/L. The result indicates that the method is simple and sensitive, and can be successfully applied for the determination of tylosin tartrate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The sugarcane top is one of the main by-products of sugarcane, which is rich in resources and comprehensive in nutritional value, and is one of the sources of roughage for ruminants. Silage is an effective method to preserve and develop sugarcane top feed, but the high content of carbohydrate and yeast makes natural silage easy to deteriorate, and the high content of fiber will affect the digestibility and palatability of the feeding animals. At present, the research on sugarcane top silage mainly focuses on the use of various additives, mixed silage with other materials, the effect of sugarcane top silage on ruminants, and the influence of sugarcane harvest time, varieties and silage time on silage. In this paper, the effects of additives, mixed silage and other factors on the quality, nutritional value, aerobic stability and feeding effect of sugarcane top silage were summarized, which provided reference for promoting the utilization of sugarcane top and the preparation of high-quality silage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Alginate oligosaccharides are a kind of low molecular weight polymer composed of 2~10 monosaccharide molecules linked by the same or different glycosidic bonds. Alginate lyase is an important tool for the enzymatic preparation of AOS. AOS prepared by the enzymatic method is superior to AOS prepared by other methods in purity, performance and structure. In this paper, the origin, structure and enzymatic properties of alginate lyase were reviewed, and the applications of alginate lyase in aquaculture, such as feed additive, microalgae cultivation, immune regulation, antioxidant and antibacterial, were summarized. The research direction of alginate lyase and the application prospect of alginate lyase in aquaculture were prospected, which provided reference for the application of alginate lyase and AOS in aquaculture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lonicera japonica Thunb. mainly contains phenolic acids, flavonoids, polysaccharides, saponins, iridoid and other active components, which have the functions of antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antiviral, antioxidant, liver protection and immune regulation. In the paper, the active components and biological functions of Lonicera japonica Thunb. are introduced, and the regulation of the active components of Lonicera japonica Thunb. on the biological barrier, immune barrier, chemical barrier and physical barrier of animal intestinal tract are reviewed, so as to provide a reference for accurate and effective use of Lonicera japonica Thunb. in animal breeding. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The epidermis of fish is covered with a layer of mucus secreted by epidermal mucus cells. Epidermal mucus serves as a physical and immune barrier between fish and the external water environment, and its composition and secretion are affected by the distribution, quantity, development stage of epidermal mucus cells and the changes in the external environment. With the development of the aquaculture industry both at home and abroad, the application research on fish epidermal mucus has gradually increased. In the paper, the composition, function and application of fish epidermal mucus are reviewed, in order to provide reference for the extraction, development and industrial application of the active components in fish epidermal mucus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Walnut cake and walnut meal are the by-products of walnuts after oil extraction. Walnut cake and meal are rich in nutrients such as protein and vitamins, but are high in dry matter and crude fiber. Walnut cake and meal have the advantages of large yield and low price, which can be used as a substitute for conventional protein feed in animal production, and can decrease the fodder in the premix of corresponding dosage of the trace elements and vitamins. The paper mainly reviews the nutritional value of walnut cake and walnut meal, the production process and their applications in the animal production, to provide a reference for the rational application of walnut cake and walnut meal in animal production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The intensive scale feeding of cattle and sheep in China co-exists with the traditional grazing mode. The traditional grazing mode is easily affected by climate, season and other factors, and the unstable forage supply and unbalanced feed nutrition become the restricting factors for the development of the cattle and sheep industry. The use of a total mixed diet can not only solve the problem of nutritional instability of cattle and sheep feed, improve production efficiency, but also make full use of agricultural and industrial by-products, protect the environment, and achieve green, healthy and sustainable development of the cattle and sheep industry. The paper reviews the research progress of the preparation principle and technology of total mixed diet and its effect on the production stage of cattle and sheep, aiming to provide a reference for the use of total mixed diet in the production of cattle and sheep. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ginseng by-products mainly include ginseng residue, and unused ginseng stems, leaves, flowers, fruits, and roots, etc. They are rich in ginsenoside, ginseng polysaccharide, and other active substances, and have a variety of biological functions such as improving immunity, anti-fatigue, bacteriostasis, and anti-virus. At present, ginseng by-products are primarily treated as waste, which not only maximize their effects but also resulting in a waste of resources. Ginseng by-products have good application prospects in animal production. Ginseng residue, as well as ginseng stems and leaves, can be used as dietary components or additives, and the ginsenoside found in ginseng stems and leaves can also serve as an adjuvant for animal vaccines. Therefore, the paper reviews the biological functions and application in animal production of ginseng by-products, to provide a reference for improving the comprehensive utilization rate of ginseng by-products and improving animal production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The winter cold stress of dairy cows has become one of the important problems affecting the healthy development of animal husbandry. Cold stress will lead to the decrease of feed intake, milk yield and reproductive performance of dairy cows, and seriously harm the economic benefits of dairy farmers. Inner Mongolia is located in a cold region, where animals are in a cold environment for a long time, and the impact of cold stress is more common. In order to more specifically understand the effects of cold stress on the production performance of dairy cows, the paper reviews the effects of cold stress on the behavior, milk yield, neuroendocrine, biochemical indexes, immune, antioxidant function, intestinal flora and other aspects of dairy cows, and summarizes the effective prevention and control measures to prevent cold stress of dairy cows, to provide reference for further research on the prevention and relief of cold stress in dairy cows. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]