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Objective: To evaluate whether urinary bisphenol A (BPA) levels in men adversely influence semen quality and embryo development after medically assisted reproduction. Design: Prospective, cohort study. Setting: University-based tertiary care center. Patient(s): A total of 149 couples undergoing their first or second IVF or intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) procedure. Intervention(s): None. Main Outcome Measure(s): Semen quality and embryo development parameters until the blastocyst stage after the IVF or ICSI procedure. Result(s): Bisphenol A was detected in 98% (n = 146) of the samples with 0.1 ng/mL limit of detection. The geometric mean BPA concentration was 1.55 ng/mL. After the adjustment for potential confounders using linear regression models, an increase of natural logarithm transformed urinary BPA concentration was associated with lower natural logarithm transformed sperm count (β = −0.241, 95% confidence interval [CI] −0.470 to −0.012), natural logarithm transformed sperm concentration (β = −0.219, 95% CI −0.436 to −0.003), and sperm vitality (β = −2.660, 95% CI −4.991 to −0.329). The embryo development parameters from oocyte fertilization to the blastocyst formation stage were not affected by BPA exposure. Conclusion(s): Urinary BPA concentrations in male partners of subfertile couples may influence semen quality parameters, but do not affect embryo development up to the blastocyst stage after medically assisted reproduction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]