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Objective: To describe a case of conjoined twins after intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) and transfer of a single day 2 embryo., Design: Case report., Setting: University hospital., Patient(s): A 30-year-old woman underwent ICSI with a transfer of a single day 2 embryo., Intervention(s): Vaginal ultrasound examination was performed during early pregnancy., Result(s): The diagnosis of conjoined twins was made by vaginal ultrasonography at 9 weeks' gestation. The conjoined fetuses were diagnosed as thoracopagus twins with a single beating heart shared between the thoraxes. Extensive ultrasound examination suggested an extremely poor prognosis, Therapeutic termination was performed at 11 weeks., Conclusion(s): Given that single embryo transfers are able to shed light on the real incidence of conjoined twins developed on day 2/3 or on day 5/6, this is of interest mechanistically. Thus, it should be taken into account when trying to determine the true incidence of conjoined twins and ultimately trying to understand why these anomalies occur. The importance of early expert vaginal ultrasonography in pregnancies resulting from assisted reproductive technologies is emphasized., (Copyright 2010 American Society for Reproductive Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Objective: To determine whether hMG offers an advantage over clomiphene citrate (CC) in achieving pregnancy after IUI with husband's sperm., Design: Randomized prospective trial., Setting: Infertility patients in a university teaching hospital., Patient(s): Fifty-eight women under 39 years old undergoing ovulation induction before IUI., Intervention(s): The women were assigned randomly to one of two treatment groups. Patients in group I (CCHH) received CC for the first two cycles and hMG for the last two cycles. Patients in group II (HHCC) received hMG for the first two cycles and CC for the last two cycles., Main Outcome Measure(s): Cycle fecundity rates for the two treatment modalities were compared statistically with use of life-table analysis., Result(s): Of the 174 cycles studied, overall cycle fecundity rate was 11.11 (9 of 81 cycles) in the CCHH group and 10.75 (10 of 93 cycles) in the HHCC group. The difference was not statistically significant. The cycle fecundity rate was 14.44% (13 of 90 cycles) for cycles with CC and 7.14% (6 of 84) with hMG. The difference was not statistically significant., Conclusion(s): These data suggest that CC is an effective alternative to hMG in the population examined.