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Objective: To assess whether an FSH receptor polymorphism (Asn680Ser, rs6166) can affect the outcome of ovulation induction in normogonadotropic (World Health Organization class 2 [WHO2]) anovulatory subfertile women., Design: Prospective, longitudinal, cohort study., Setting: University-based fertility unit., Patient(s): A total of 240 consecutive women diagnosed with WHO2 anovulatory subfertility who underwent ovulation induction therapy. Results were replicated in a retrospective cohort of 185 patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) (Rotterdam criteria)., Intervention(s): Ovulation induction using clomiphene citrate (CC) as first-line and exogenous gonadotropins (exFSH) as second-line therapy., Main Outcome Measure(s): Clomiphene-resistant anovulation (CRA), clomiphene failure (CCF), and ongoing pregnancy rate., Result(s): Genotyped patients (n = 159) were similar to nongenotyped women (n = 81) regarding clinical characteristics and outcomes of ovulation induction. The 680(Ser) allele was associated with CRA. A pooled analysis of both cohorts showed an 89% higher chance of CRA after CC treatment (odds ratio 1.9 [95% confidence interval 1.1-3.3]) in homozygous carriers of the FSH receptor variant (680(Ser/Ser)). A lower chance of ongoing pregnancy (hazard ratio 0.51 [95% confidence interval 0.27-0.98]) was observed among these patients during CC treatment in the prospective cohort., Conclusion(s): An FSH receptor polymorphism is associated with CRA during treatment with clomiphene citrate. These data may be used to design a treatment algorithm that is more efficacious and better tailored to the individual patient., (Copyright © 2015 American Society for Reproductive Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Objective: To assess the effects of aging on the features of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)., Design: Retrospective longitudinal follow-up study., Setting: Tertiary care center., Patient(s): Patients with PCOS, diagnosed according to the 2003 Rotterdam criteria, who visited the outpatient clinic on consecutive occasions with a minimum interval of 6 months., Intervention(s): Comparisons were made between the first visit and the consecutive visit grouped by intervals., Main Outcome Measure(s): Changes in clinical and endocrine characteristics., Result(s): A total of 254 women visited the outpatient clinic on 2 occasions each. Consecutive visits were grouped into 0.5 to 3.9 years (n = 172; mean follow-up, 2.6 years) and 4.0 to 7.0 years (n = 82; mean follow-up, 5.5 years). At their second visit, significantly more women had regained a regular cycle. The total antral follicle count was similar. Serum levels of testosterone, androstenedione, and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate had decreased significantly. Plasma glucose levels had increased, whereas serum insulin levels and homeostasis model assessment score had significantly decreased., Conclusion(s): The PCOS phenotype changed with aging, suggesting an amelioration of the phenotype and ovarian dysfunction as indicated by the increase in number of regular menstrual cycles, decrease in serum androgen levels, and decrease in insulin resistance., (Copyright © 2011 American Society for Reproductive Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)