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Interleukin 10 (IL-10), a pleiotropic cytokine, plays an essential role in multiple immunity responses. In the current study, the sequences of IL-10 family were identified from spotted knifejaw (Oplegnathus punctatus) whole genome, and O. punctatus IL-10 (OpIL-10) was cloned and characterized. OpIL-10 encodes 187 amino acids with a typical IL-10 family signature motif and predicted α-helices. It shared high identities with Notolabrus celidotus IL-10 and Epinephelus Lanceolatus IL-10. OpIL-10 was widely detected in healthy tissues, with the abundant expression in liver and skin. It was significantly up-regulated in the six immune-related tissues (liver, spleen, kidney, intestine, gill and skin) after infection against Vibrio harveyi and spotted knifejaw iridovirus (SKIV). Dual-luciferase analysis showed that OpIL-10 overexpression could suppress the activity of NF-κB. Meanwhile, OpIL-10 knockdown caused the down-regulation of five immune-related genes in JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway and NF-κB signaling pathway, including IL-10R2 , TYK2 , STAT3 , NOD2 , and IκB. In addition, LPS and poly I:C stimulated expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including IL-6 , IL-1β , IL-8 , and IL-12 , were lower with recombinant OpIL-10 (rOp IL-10) than the control group, indicating the anti-inflammatory roles of rOpIL-10. Taken together, these results indicated OpIL-10 as a negative regulator in the inflammatory responses of spotted knifejaw against bacterial and viral infection, which would help us better understand the role of IL-10 in teleost immunity. • OpIL-10 was identified and characterized from spotted knifejaw (Oplegnathus punctatus). • OpIL-10 was expressed in multiple tissues and upregulated in six immune-related tissues after bacterial and viral infection. • OpIL-10 could regulate JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway and NF-κB signaling pathway. • Recombinant OpIL-10 protein had an inhibitory effect on the expression of proinflammatory cytokines. • OpIL-10 plays a negatively regulator in the immune response against bacterial and viral infection in spotted knifejaw. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Japanese pufferfish (Takifugu rubripes) is one of the main marine aquatic fish species cultured in Asia due to its high nutritional value. In recent years, disease caused by Vibrio harveyi infections have led to serious mortality in Japanese pufferfish industry. To understand the complex molecular mechanisms between V. harveyi and Japanese pufferfish, we performed a transcriptome analysis of liver and spleen samples from Japanese pufferfish at 1 and 2 day post-infection. Between-group comparisons revealed 922 genes that were significantly differentially expressed. The altered genes emphasized the function in several immune related pathways including MAPK signaling pathway, JAK-STAT signaling pathway, toll-like receptor signaling pathway, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction and lysosomal pathway. The data generated in this study provided insight into the responses of Japanese pufferfish against V. harveyi at the transcriptome level, promoting our comprehensive understanding of immune responses for aquatic animal against V. harveyi. • Comparative transcriptome of Japanese pufferfish challenged with Vibrio harveyi were sequenced. • Between-group comparisons revealed 922 genes that were significantly differentially expressed. • Several immune related pathways were enriched. • Results will provide valuable resources for immune responses of aquatic animals against V. harveyi. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]