1. Heat inactive Bacillus subtilis var. natto regulate Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) intestine microbiota and metabolites involved in the intestine phagosome response.
- Author
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Pan PK, Wang KT, Wu TM, Chen YY, Nan FH, and Wu YS
- Subjects
- Animals, Bacillus subtilis, Hot Temperature, Intestines microbiology, Phagosomes, Probiotics, Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Cichlids
- Abstract
In this study, we evaluated the intestinal microbiota, intestinal and fecal metabolites production and the intestinal RNA-seq analysis of the Nile tilapia intestine after feeding with 10
5 and 107 of the inactive Bacillus subtilis var. natto. First, we assessed the influence of heat inactive Bacillus subtilis var. natto on the growth performance, biochemical blood analysis, and evaluated the liver/body, spleen/body and intestine/body ratio. This evidence was known feeding with inactive Bacillus subtilis var. natto was able to improve the growth performance after 4 weeks, but not to affect the inflammatory biochemical blood parametres total protein (T-pro), albumin (Alb), Alb/T-pro ratio, creatine-phospho-kinase (CPK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). Further, in the intestine microbiota, the Lactobacillaceae, Firmicutes, Chromatiales, and Rhodobacteria, was significantly higher than the control and the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio (F/B), which was indicated with a significantly increased. The intestine tissue metabolites OPLS-DA analysis indicated that the prominent bioactive metabolites changed. The peonidin-3-glucoside, l-Tyrosine, 1-Deoxy-1-(N6-lysino)-d-fructose was significantly increased. The feces metabolite OPLS-DA analysis indicated that the palmitelaidic acid, 5-KETE, tangeritin was significantly increased. In the transcriptome, the Gene Ontology (GO) analysis was found to enhance the intestine intestinal immune network. Combine of these evidence, feeding of the heat inactive Bacillus subtilis var. natto exactly improved the O. niloticus growth performance and regulation of the microbiota to promote the metabolites. In the transcriptome analysis, it was found to involve in the intestine immune phagosome response. Summarized of this study, the heat inactive Bacillus subtilis var. natto was reported to affect Nile tilapia intestine microbiota, and could positively regulate the intestine and fecal metabolites production to improve the intestine immune network., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest None of the authors has a financial relationship with a commercial entity that has an interest in the subject of this manuscript., (Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2023
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