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Phytochemical investigation on the nonpolar extracts of P. acidus leaves afforded three new cleistanthane diterpenoids, named phyllanacidins A–C (1 – 3), in addition to three known ones (4 – 6). Among them, compounds 2 and 3 represent the first examples of 17- nor cleistanthane diterpenoids. Their structures including absolute configurations were elucidated on the basis of extensive spectroscopic data and single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. All the isolated cleistanthane diterpenoids were evaluated for their cytotoxic activities against five human cancer cell lines. Compounds 4 – 6 exhibited moderate cytotoxicity with IC 50 values ranging from 16.11 to 30.82 μM. Unlabelled Image • Three new cleistanthane diterpenoids (1 – 3) were isolated from Phyllanthus acidus. • Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic analysis. • 2 and 3 represent the first examples of 17- nor cleistanthane diterpenoids. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Four new cleistanthane diterpenoids, phyllaciduloids A–D ( 1 – 4 ), were isolated from the roots and stems of Phyllanthus acidus (L.) Skeels (Phyllanthaceae). Their structures were elucidated on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analysis. Phyllaciduloids B–D ( 2 – 4 ) present in their structures with ether bond between C-7 and C-16, which were rarely reported. All the isolates were evaluated for their cytotoxic activities against five human cancer cell lines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]