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To accurately, efficiently, and environmentally prepare carrageenan oligosaccharides, we have developed a method that uses H2O2 and TiO2 as catalysts for the photodegradation of κ-carrageenan (KC). The photodegradation of KC was monitored using various amounts of TiO2 and H2O2 and different concentrations of KC via HPLC and it could decrease the average molecular weight of KC into 1.6 kDa within 2 h. Further research under optimal conditions. As a control, the effects of UV, UV/H2O2, UV/TiO2, and H2O2/TiO2 treatments were studied. In contrast, UV/H2O2/TiO2 treatments showed a coordinated effect. The effect of degradation on the structure of KC was investigated by FT-IR, XRD, and there was no obvious remotion of sulfate groups. Furthermore, oral administration of KCO prolonged the healthy lifespan of nematodes induced by ultraviolet stress and significantly regulated oxidative stress. This study suggests that the precise preparation and application of KCO may be beneficial.

The gut microbiota dysbiosis is a state which the physiological combinations of flora are transformed into pathological combinations caused by factors such as diets, pollution, and drugs. Increasing evidence shows that dysbiosis is closely related to many diseases. With the continuous development and utilization of marine resources, marine polysaccharides have been found to regulate dysbiosis in many studies. In this review, we introduce the types of dysbiosis and the degree of it caused by different factors. We highlight the regulating effects of marine polysaccharides on dysbiosis as a potential prebiotic. The mechanisms of marine polysaccharides to regulate dysbiosis including protection of intestinal barrier, regulatory effect on gut microbiota, alteration for related metabolites, and some other possible mechanisms were summarized. And we aim to provide some references for the high-value utilization of marine polysaccharides and new targets for the treatment of gut microbiota dysbiosis by this review.