1. Apple pomace ultrafiltration sludge – A novel substrate for fungal bioproduction of citric acid: Optimisation studies
- Author
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Dhillon, Gurpreet Singh, Brar, Satinder Kaur, Verma, Mausam, and Tyagi, Rajeshwar Dayal
- Subjects
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CITRIC acid , *WASTE products , *APPLES , *PLANT growing media , *ULTRAFILTRATION , *FERMENTATION , *METHANOL , *MATHEMATICAL optimization - Abstract
Abstract: Ever-growing demand for citric acid (CA) and urgent need for alternative sources has served as a driving force for workers to search for novel and economical substrates. Submerged fermentation was conducted using apple (Malus domestica) pomace ultrafiltration sludge as an inexpensive substrate for CA bioproduction, using Aspergillus niger NRRL567. The crucial parameters, such as total suspended solids and inducer concentration, were optimised by response surface methodology for higher CA production. The optimal CA concentrations of 44.9g/100g and 37.9g/100g dry substrate were obtained with 25g/l of initial total solids and 3% (v/v) methanol and 25g/l of total solids and 3% (v/v) ethanol concentration, respectively, after the 144h of fermentation. Results indicated that total solids concentration, and methanol as an inducer, were effective with respect to higher CA yield and also indicated the possibility of using apple pomace sludge as a potential substrate for economical production of CA. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
- Published
- 2011
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